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Hydrogels provide high water content, biocompatibility, and tunable drug release, while electrospun nanofibers offer a high surface area, loading capacity, customizable morphology, and opportunities for functionalization. Nanofibers can also be incorporated into hydrogels as 3D-printable inks. Together, these features create biomimetic composites that modulate drug release and mimic native tissues. This article reviews electrospinning fundamentals, limitations, preparation methods for HENC, and their applications in drug delivery, as well as future perspectives for developing advanced functional materials with improved therapeutic efficacy, controlled release kinetics, and broad biomedical adaptability.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/gels11100826","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T14:04:02Z","timestamp":1760537042000},"page":"826","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Composite Hydrogels with Embedded Electrospun Fibers as Drug Delivery Systems"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Paul Codrin","family":"Fuioaga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cCristofor Simionescu\u201d Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, \u201cGheorghe Asachi\u201d Technical University of Iasi, 700050 Iasi, Romania"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, \u201cApollonia\u201d University of Iasi, 700511 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4917-9406","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Delia Mihaela","family":"Rata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, \u201cApollonia\u201d University of Iasi, 700511 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2728-5053","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tabinda","family":"Riaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Polymer and Textile Engineering, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6601-979X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guadalupe","family":"Rivero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute of Materials Science and Technology, INTEMA (UNMdP-CONICET), Av. 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