{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:43:37Z","timestamp":1787028217700,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762819200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Joint Funds for the Innovation of Science and Technology, Fujian Province","award":["2020Y9029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020Y9029"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100017686","name":"Fujian provincial health technology project","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2023QNA012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023QNA012"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100017686","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gels"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Acute inflammatory visceral pain (AIVP) is a prevalent yet challenging clinical condition associated with inflammatory diseases, characterized by diffuse pain that often escalates into nausea, vomiting, and systemic autonomic disturbances. The absence of effective and patient-centered therapies remains a significant clinical challenge. While dexmedetomidine (Dex) has demonstrated promising analgesic effects, its conventional intravenous administration involves slow infusion, heightening risks of infection and compromising patient comfort and compliance. Here, we present a breakthrough strategy using a hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel and microneedle-based transdermal system for Dex delivery to enhance clinical practicality. We successfully fabricated Dex-loaded HA hydrogel microneedles (MN\/Dex), enabling efficient skin penetration and controlled drug release. Comprehensive biosafety evaluations, including skin irritation, cytotoxicity, and hemolysis assays, confirmed the excellent biocompatibility of the HA hydrogel microneedle system (HA-MN). In the acetic-acid-induced AIVP model, MN\/Dex not only produced significant and sustained reduction in visceral and somatic hyperalgesia but also maintained normal physiological activity, avoiding sedation burden, preserving feeding behavior, and supporting natural mobility. MN\/Dex offers a minimally invasive, easy-to-administer, and well-tolerated alternative to intravenous therapy, with the potential to transform outpatient management and improve quality of life for patients suffering from AIVP. This advanced delivery platform bridges a critical translational gap in pain management, combining efficacy with outstanding clinical adaptability.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/gels11110904","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T12:44:55Z","timestamp":1762865095000},"page":"904","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Dexmedetomidine-Loaded Hydrogel Microneedles Alleviate Acute Inflammatory Visceral Pain in Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-0329-9901","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peng","family":"Ke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou University Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Drug Monitoring and Control of Zhejiang Province, National Anti-Drug Laboratory Zhejiang Regional Center, Hangzhou 310051, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyan","family":"Bao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linjie","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaodan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou University Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000002372","article-title":"The Fifth Vital Sign: Postoperative Pain Predicts 30-day Readmissions and Subsequent Emergency Department Visits","volume":"266","author":"Graham","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann. 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