{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T23:55:43Z","timestamp":1790726143951,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":111,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gels"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) carries a high risk of severe hemorrhage and potential loss of fertility. This narrative review summarizes current evidence on uterine artery embolization (UAE) using absorbable gelatin sponge (GS), focusing on GS preparation, procedural approaches, and reported outcomes. PubMed\/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched from January 2015 to 31 December 2024 for peer-reviewed studies reporting UAE with GS for CSP (GS alone or combined with intra-arterial methotrexate and\/or adjunct particles). Fifty studies (N = 3139) were included. Technical success was 3133\/3139 (~99.8%) and clinical success was 2975\/3139 (~94.8%), with most cohorts reporting high clinical control. Severe complications were infrequently reported (typically ~2\u20134% in most series). Menstrual function, when assessed, generally recovered within ~1\u20132 months. Subsequent pregnancy outcomes were inconsistently reported and follow-up durations were heterogeneous, predominantly in retrospective designs. Overall, UAE with GS appears effective for hemostasis in CSP and may reduce escalation to hysterectomy in appropriately selected patients. Standardized reporting of GS preparation and outcomes, as well as prospective multicenter registries\/studies, are needed to refine best practices.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/gels12010044","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]],"date-time":"2026-01-02T11:11:46Z","timestamp":1767352306000},"page":"44","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Transcatheter Arterial Embolization (TAE) of Uterine Artery with Gelatin Sponge for Cesarean Scar Pregnancy: A Current State of the Art Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7680-0851","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberto","family":"Minici","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"},{"name":"Radiology Unit, Dulbecco University Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9637-1970","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Tiralongo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Unit 1, Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies \u201cGF Ingrassia\u201d, University Hospital Policlinico \u201cG. Rodolico-San Marco\u201d, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Venturini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit, ASST Settelaghi, Insubria University, 21100 Varese, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3809-5696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federico","family":"Fontana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit, ASST Settelaghi, Insubria University, 21100 Varese, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0756-9967","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filippo","family":"Piacentino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit, ASST Settelaghi, Insubria University, 21100 Varese, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melania","family":"Nicoletta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Unit, Dulbecco University Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3840-6693","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Coppola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit, ASST Settelaghi, Insubria University, 21100 Varese, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0979-4519","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Guzzardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imagerie Vasculaire et Interventionnelle, Centre Hospitalier Princesse Grace, 98000 Monaco, Monaco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Giurazza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interventional Radiology Department, AORN \u201cA. Cardarelli\u201d, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2593-8148","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabio","family":"Corvino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interventional Radiology Department, AORN \u201cA. Cardarelli\u201d, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9158-0140","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Domenico","family":"Lagan\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Magna Graecia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"},{"name":"Radiology Unit, Dulbecco University Hospital, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"142","article-title":"Pregnancy in a Uterine Scar Sacculus\u2014An Unusual Cause of Postabortal Haemorrhage. A Case Report","volume":"53","author":"Larsen","year":"1978","journal-title":"S. Afr. Med. J. Suid-Afr. Tydskr. 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