{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T00:46:52Z","timestamp":1791334012690,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770940800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Project of PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Branch","award":["201024031011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201024031011"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gels"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study addresses the challenge of high-temperature gas channeling in injection\u2013production wells of karst-fractured reservoirs by developing a high-temperature-resistant resin\u2013gel plugging system capable of withstanding up to 150 \u00b0C. The system employs an AMPS\/NVP copolymer (molar ratio 3:1) as the polymer matrix, reinforced with phenolic resin to enhance the crosslinked network. Additionally, a polyamide microcapsule was utilized to encapsulate the gel breaker, enabling controlled release. The optimized formulation consists of 0.5% NEP, 0.5% DEP, 0.6% HMTA, 0.3% catechol, and 25% resin curing agent. Experimental results demonstrate that the system exhibits excellent stability at 150 \u00b0C, with a G\u2032 \u2265 125 Pa and compressive strength &gt; 18 MPa. It also displays strong contamination resistance, showing a viscosity reduction of &lt;9.7% and a storage modulus retention rate &gt; 87% after mixing with drilling fluid. Furthermore, the gel-breaking performance is controllable, achieving a gel-breaking rate \u2265 99.7% within 21 days. Under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions (150 \u00b0C), the system demonstrates a plugging efficiency &gt; 92% for simulated fractures with widths ranging from 0.1 to 2 mm. This technology effectively suppresses gas channeling in complex high-temperature formations, making it suitable for gas injection wells in karst-fractured reservoirs. It also holds promise for extension to shale gas wells and geothermal reservoir sealing applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/gels12020164","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T10:52:21Z","timestamp":1770979941000},"page":"164","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Preparation and Applicability Evaluation of High-Temperature-Resistant, Breakable Resin\u2013Gel Plugging Agent"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Tao","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"R&D Center for Ultra Deep Complex Reservior Exploration and Development, China National Petroleum Corporation, Korla 841000, China"},{"name":"Engineering Research Center for Ultra-Deep Complex Reservoir Exploration and Development, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Korla 841000, China"},{"name":"Tarim Oilfield Branch, China National Petroleum Corporation, Korla 841000, China"},{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Ultra-Deep Oil and Gas, Korla 841000, China"},{"name":"School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinzhi","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R&D Center for Ultra Deep Complex Reservior Exploration and Development, China National Petroleum Corporation, Korla 841000, China"},{"name":"Engineering Research Center for Ultra-Deep Complex Reservoir Exploration and Development, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Korla 841000, China"},{"name":"Tarim Oilfield Branch, China National Petroleum Corporation, Korla 841000, China"},{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Ultra-Deep Oil and Gas, Korla 841000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6786-6835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yingrui","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanming","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korla Branch, Bohai Drilling Engineering Company Limited, China National Petroleum Corporation, Korla 841000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qisheng","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R&D Center for Ultra Deep Complex Reservior Exploration and Development, China National Petroleum Corporation, Korla 841000, China"},{"name":"Engineering Research Center for Ultra-Deep Complex Reservoir Exploration and Development, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Korla 841000, China"},{"name":"Tarim Oilfield Branch, China National Petroleum Corporation, Korla 841000, China"},{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Ultra-Deep Oil and Gas, Korla 841000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhangkun","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7678-9536","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingbin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1016\/S1876-3804(19)60233-8","article-title":"Technologies and practice of CO2 flooding and sequestration in China","volume":"46","author":"Hu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pet. 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