{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T05:17:15Z","timestamp":1788585435914,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788393600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82571570"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82571570"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["82571570"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82571570"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Sanqin Talent Introduction Plan"},{"name":"Open Project of Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014361","name":"Hubei University of Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["WDCM2026008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WDCM2026008"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014361","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["WDCM2026008"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WDCM2026008"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01dr2b756","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Science and Technology Program of Hubei Provincial Department of Science and Technology","award":["2025CSA097"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025CSA097"]}]},{"name":"Project of Hubei Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Reproductive Medicine","award":["2025RMOF011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025RMOF011"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gels"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Silk fibroin (SF)- and silk sericin (SS)-based antibacterial hydrogels are increasingly engineered as local antimicrobial platforms, yet cross-study interpretation is limited by inconsistent material reporting and by conflation of bacterial inhibition with tissue repair. We performed a structured evidence-mapping and critical synthesis of a frozen 2020\u2013July 2026 corpus of 94 references. The original 46-record core map was re-audited at the original-article level: 43 full-text-verified, non-retracted primary studies were retained for detailed evidence grading, 2 records available only at abstract\/database level were retained descriptively but not graded, and 1 subsequently retracted study was excluded from quantitative synthesis. Among the 43 graded studies, metal-ion\/nanozyme\/catalytic systems were most common (12\/43, 27.9%), followed by release-mediated (11\/43, 25.6%), multimodal (9\/43, 20.9%), contact-active\/anti-adhesive (6\/43, 14.0%), and light-responsive systems (5\/43, 11.6%). Sixteen studies (37.2%) used deliberately infected animal models, whereas only 4 (9.3%) reached a biofilm or adherent-bacteria-level endpoint in the graded map. Biological claim ceilings (C0\u2013C5) are assessed independently from translation gates spanning material identity, reproducibility, mechanism, host safety, sterilization\/storage, resistance, long-term fate, and deployment. Across mechanisms, SF and SS most often function as structural, interfacial, or transport-regulating matrices; direct silk-dependent bactericidal causality remains uncommon. The central translational deficit is failure to quantitatively link silk molecular identity and network architecture to antimicrobial exposure, bacterial killing, host selectivity, and long-term material fate.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/gels12090809","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T17:13:25Z","timestamp":1788455605000},"page":"809","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Silk-Derived Antibacterial Hydrogels: Material Identity, Mechanistic Evidence, and Translation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6975-9467","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongmei","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bingbing","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanlin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaojuan","family":"Mi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100673","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtchem.2021.100673","article-title":"A Review on Antibacterial Silk Fibroin-Based Biomaterials: Current State and Prospects","volume":"23","author":"Ghalei","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mater. 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