{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T15:57:16Z","timestamp":1789487836134,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U2444216"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U2444216"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["52304010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52304010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["U2444216"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U2444216"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["52304010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52304010"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gels"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Gas hydrate plugging remains a persistent flow-assurance challenge in offshore oil and gas operations. PVP, pectin, CMCS, and PASP were compared at 0.1\u20130.5 wt% in pure water, 3.5 wt% NaCl brine, pure water\u2013sediment, and brine\u2013sediment media using hydrate kinetics, Raman spectroscopy, CST, SEM\/EDS, zeta potential, viscosity screening, and quantitative rheology. At 0.5 wt% and 3 \u00b0C, all sediment-containing formulations were shear-thinning. CSS ramps revealed continuous stress-dependent flow consistent with progressive yielding, while oscillatory measurements indicated weak elastic-dominant responses for polymer-containing suspensions. Pectin gave the highest storage modulus and the strongest salinity-induced increase in oscillatory flow-point stress (approximately 0.092 to 0.178 Pa), whereas PASP retained the most favorable multimetric KHI response and the highest 500 s recovery in brine\u2013sediment. PVP shifted from an oscillatory flow point above 0.209 Pa in pure water\u2013sediment to approximately 0.156 Pa in brine\u2013sediment. These results show that small-deformation stiffness, steady yielding, oscillatory flow transition, post-shear recovery, and KHI performance are distinct but partially coupled material responses. The combined evidence supports weak, deformable polymer\u2013sediment structuring rather than a single rheological strength mechanism governing hydrate inhibition.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/gels12090842","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T13:33:42Z","timestamp":1789479222000},"page":"842","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Polymeric Kinetic Hydrate Inhibitors in NaCl Brine\u2013Sediment Media: Hydrate Performance, Rheological Structuring, and Interfacial Responses"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-6371-785X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guan-Lin","family":"Zhong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Oil & Natural Gas Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China"},{"name":"CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited, Beijing 102206, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ren","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited, Beijing 102206, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4891-4891","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jian-Long","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited, Beijing 102206, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui-Cui","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Exchange and Cooperation Office, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin-Sheng","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Oil & Natural Gas Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China"},{"name":"CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited, Beijing 102206, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu-Man","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited, Beijing 102206, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin-Tao","family":"Weng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited, Beijing 102206, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1243-0545","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ping-Ya","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Oil & Natural Gas Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02135","article-title":"Fundamental principles and applications of natural gas hydrates","volume":"426","author":"Sloan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5225","DOI":"10.1039\/C8CS00989A","article-title":"Gas hydrates in sustainable chemistry","volume":"49","author":"Hassanpouryouzband","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chem. 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