{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T15:30:24Z","timestamp":1789659024117,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789516800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Special Fund for Young Talents in Henan Agricultural University","award":["30500928"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30500928"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04eq83d71","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["30500928"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30500928"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04eq83d71","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Scientific and Technological Research Project of Henan Province","award":["262102230114"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["262102230114"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025M781853"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025M781853"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["2025M781853"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025M781853"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0426zh255","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Innovation Training Program for College Students","award":["202510466011X"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202510466011X"]}]},{"name":"The Key Scientific and Technological Project of Henan Province","award":["242102230174"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["242102230174"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gels"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Wood aerogel has emerged as a highly promising substrate for advanced adsorbents due to its green nature, low cost, high porosity, and unique three-dimensional (3D) interconnected network structure. Harnessing forest resources for developing high-performance aerogel materials is crucial for tackling organic dye pollution. This study presents a novel aminated wood-based aerogel engineered through the co-deposition of tannic acid (TA) and polyethylenimine (PEI) on a cellulose skeleton. The fabrication involved a top\u2013down delignification process to create a porous wood aerogel framework, followed by the in situ loading of TA and the grafting of amino-rich PEI, resulting in the final TAPI-DW composite. Benefiting from the abundant active sites deposited on the aerogel\u2019s hierarchically porous surface and the grafted \u2013NH2 groups, TAPI-DW demonstrated an exceptional adsorption capacity for the anionic azo dye Congo red (CR). The adsorption equilibrium was achieved within approximately 6 h, with a lower pH environment promoting removal efficiency. Coexisting ion experiments indicated that the introduction of Ca2+ ions dramatically enhanced the CR adsorption capacity from 168.71 mg\u00b7g\u22121 to 301.14 mg\u00b7g\u22121. This superior capture performance is attributed to the synergistic interplay of the aerogel\u2019s aligned microchannels (derived from the native wood structure) for rapid mass transfer and the intensive chemical interactions, including electrostatic attraction, hydrogen bonding, and \u03c0-\u03c0 stacking between CR molecules and the functional groups (\u2013NH2 and \u2013OH) on the 3D skeleton. The Freundlich model fitting suggests a complex multilayer adsorption process on this heterogeneous wood aerogel surface. This work establishes a green and sustainable pathway for fabricating high-value biomass aerogel materials that show promise as candidates for the efficient remediation of dye-contaminated water. Further studies on reusability and long-term stability are needed to fully validate their potential for practical application.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/gels12090846","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T16:07:29Z","timestamp":1789574849000},"page":"846","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Aminated Wood Aerogel via Tannic Acid\/Polyethylenimine Co-Deposition for Enhanced Congo Red Removal"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Zhongjian","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Horticulture; College of Landscape Architecture; College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Luohui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Horticulture; 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College of Landscape Architecture; College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"resources","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Xian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Horticulture; College of Landscape Architecture; College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"resources","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Bing","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Horticulture; College of Landscape Architecture; College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"funding-acquisition","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6496-3178","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Youming","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Materials Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Xiangmeng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, Changsha Medical University, Changsha 410219, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Liuting","family":"Mo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5830-155X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cheng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Horticulture; 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