{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T18:59:45Z","timestamp":1782932385581,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,13]],"date-time":"2022-09-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663027200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"FAPESP","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2013\/07699-0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2013\/07699-0"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"FAPESP","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021\/02254-6"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021\/02254-6"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gels"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Craniospinal irradiation (CSI) is a complex radiation technique employed to treat patients with primitive neuroectodermal tumors such as medulloblastoma or germinative brain tumors with the risk of leptomeningeal spread. In adults, this technique poses a technically challenging planning process because of the complex shape and length of the target volume. Thus, it requires multiple fields and different isocenters to guarantee the primary-tumor dose delivery. Recently, some authors have proposed the use IMRT technique for this planning with the possibility of overlapping adjacent fields. The high-dose delivery complexity demands three-dimensional dosimetry (3DD) to verify this irradiation procedure and motivated this study. We used an optical CT and a radiochromic Fricke-xylenol-orange gel with the addition of formaldehyde (FXO-f) to evaluate the doses delivered at the field junction region of this treatment. We found 96.91% as the mean passing rate using the gamma analysis with 3%\/2 mm criteria at the junction region. However, the concentration of fail points in a determined region called attention to this evaluation, indicating the advantages of employing a 3DD technique in complex dose-distribution verifications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/gels8090582","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,13]],"date-time":"2022-09-13T21:06:52Z","timestamp":1663103212000},"page":"582","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Three-Dimensional Dosimetry by Optical-CT and Radiochromic Gel Dosimeter of a Multiple Isocenter Craniospinal Radiation Therapy Procedure"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Matheus Antonio","family":"da Silveira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de F\u00edsica, FFCLRP\u2014Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto 14040-901, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1647-8231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juliana Fernandes","family":"Pavoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de F\u00edsica, FFCLRP\u2014Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto 14040-901, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0299-8404","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandre Colello","family":"Bruno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital das Cl\u00ednicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeir\u00e3o Preto\u2013USP, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto 14015-010, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gustavo Viani","family":"Arruda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital das Cl\u00ednicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeir\u00e3o Preto\u2013USP, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto 14015-010, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0622-2814","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oswaldo","family":"Baffa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de F\u00edsica, FFCLRP\u2014Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto 14040-901, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.critrevonc.2016.05.012","article-title":"Childhood medulloblastoma, Crit","volume":"105","author":"Massimino","year":"2016","journal-title":"Rev. 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