{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T05:29:08Z","timestamp":1792214948560,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":95,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,19]],"date-time":"2022-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668816000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Innovation and Technology of Hungary","award":["TKP2021-EGA-32"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TKP2021-EGA-32"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gels"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A high dose of amoxicillin is recommended as the first-line therapy for acute bacterial rhinosinusitis (ABR). However, oral administration of amoxicillin is connected to many adverse reactions coupled with moderate bioavailability (~60%). Therefore, this study aimed to develop a topical nasal preparation of amoxicillin, employing a thermoresponsive nanogel system to increase nasal residence time and prolong drug release. Rheological investigations revealed that formulations containing 21\u201323% w\/w Poloxamer 407 (P407) were in accordance with the requirement of nasal administration (gelling temperature ~35 \u00b0C). The average hydrodynamic diameter (&lt;200 nm), pH (6.7\u20136.9), and hypertonic osmolality (611\u2013663 mOsmol\/L) of the in situ gelling nasal nanogel appeared as suitable characteristics for local rhinosinusitis treatment. Moreover, taking into account the mucoadhesive strength and drug release studies, the 21% w\/w P407 could be considered as an optimized concentration for effective nasal delivery. Antibacterial activity studies showed that the ability of amoxicillin-loaded in situ gelling nasal nanogel to inhibit bacterial growth (five common ABR pathogens) preserved its effectiveness in comparison to 1 mg\/mL amoxicillin aqueous solution as a positive control. Altogether, the developed amoxicillin-loaded in situ gelling thermoresponsive nasal nanogel can be a potential candidate for local antibiotic therapy in the nasal cavity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/gels8110750","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,21]],"date-time":"2022-11-21T04:33:32Z","timestamp":1669005212000},"page":"750","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Development of Thermoresponsive-Gel-Matrix-Embedded Amoxicillin Trihydrate-Loaded Bovine Serum Albumin Nanoparticles for Local Intranasal Therapy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6771-0208","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandra Aulia","family":"Mardikasari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary"},{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5187-5702","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M\u00e1ria","family":"Budai-Sz\u0171cs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5268-6134","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L\u00e1szl\u00f3","family":"Orosz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Albert Szent-Gy\u00f6rgyi Health Center, Albert Szent-Gy\u00f6rgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1300-2374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katalin","family":"Buri\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Albert Szent-Gy\u00f6rgyi Health Center, Albert Szent-Gy\u00f6rgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0807-2781","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ildik\u00f3","family":"Cs\u00f3ka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1564-4813","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G\u00e1bor","family":"Katona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.2006.054767","article-title":"Acute Rhinosinusitis in Adults: An Update on Current Management","volume":"83","author":"Masood","year":"2007","journal-title":"Postgrad. 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