{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T23:30:10Z","timestamp":1777419010455,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":101,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,15]],"date-time":"2019-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1571097600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001823","name":"Ministerstvo \u0160kolstv\u00ed, Ml\u00e1de\u017ee a T\u011blov\u00fdchovy","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NPU I Project LO1419"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NPU I Project LO1419"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001823","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001824","name":"Grantov\u00e1 Agentura \u010cesk\u00e9 Republiky","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GACR 17-05988S"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GACR 17-05988S"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001824","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Genes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are genetically very complex and heterogeneous diseases in which the acquisition of a somatic driver mutation triggers three main myeloid cytokine receptors, and phenotypically expresses as polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocytosis (ET), and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). The course of the diseases may be influenced by germline predispositions, modifying mutations, their order of acquisition and environmental factors such as aging and inflammation. Deciphering these contributory elements, their mutual interrelationships, and their contribution to MPN pathogenesis brings important insights into the diseases. Animal models (mainly mouse and zebrafish) have already significantly contributed to understanding the role of several acquired and germline mutations in MPN oncogenic signaling. Novel technologies such as induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and precise genome editing (using CRISPR\/Cas9) contribute to the emerging understanding of MPN pathogenesis and clonal architecture, and form a convenient platform for evaluating drug efficacy. In this overview, the genetic landscape of MPN is briefly described, with an attempt to cover the main discoveries of the last 15 years. Mouse and zebrafish models of the driver mutations are discussed and followed by a review of recent progress in modeling MPN with patient-derived iPSCs and CRISPR\/Cas9 gene editing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/genes10100813","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,16]],"date-time":"2019-10-16T03:32:54Z","timestamp":1571196774000},"page":"813","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Experimental Modeling of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2845-8692","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucie","family":"Lanikova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7036-6807","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olga","family":"Babosova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8019-2940","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Josef T.","family":"Prchal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Division of Hematology &amp; Hematologic Malignancies, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, School of Medicine and VAH, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V6.4.372.372","article-title":"Some speculations on the myeloproliferative syndromes","volume":"6","author":"Dameshek","year":"1951","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2016-10-695940","article-title":"Genetic basis and molecular pathophysiology of classical myeloproliferative neoplasms","volume":"129","author":"Vainchenker","year":"2017","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exphem.2015.06.007","article-title":"Pathogenesis of myeloproliferative neoplasms","volume":"43","author":"Skoda","year":"2015","journal-title":"Exp. 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