{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T08:32:37Z","timestamp":1777365157135,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,17]],"date-time":"2020-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1579219200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R00 CA190889"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R00 CA190889"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P50 CA62924"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P50 CA62924"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Genes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Next-generation sequencing has led to the recent discovery of several novel pancreatic cancer susceptibility genes. These genes include ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM), a serine\/threonine kinase that is an integral component of DNA repair. Pathogenic germline ATM variants are frequently identified in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) with and without a family history of the disease. Loss of ATM is also a frequent somatic event in the development of PDAC. These discoveries have advanced our understanding of the genetic basis of pancreatic cancer risk and will impact patient care through appropriate patient\u2013risk stratification; personalized screening and early detection efforts; and, for some, targeted therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/genes11010108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,17]],"date-time":"2020-01-17T07:39:02Z","timestamp":1579246742000},"page":"108","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["ATM Serine\/Threonine Kinase and its Role in Pancreatic Risk"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Neha","family":"Nanda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA"},{"name":"The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicholas J.","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA"},{"name":"The Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA"},{"name":"Department of Oncology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"American Cancer Society (2019). Cancer Facts & Figures, American Cancer Society."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21442","article-title":"Cancer statistics, 2018","volume":"68","author":"Siegel","year":"2018","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. Clin."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3382","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2017.72.3502","article-title":"Deleterious Germline Mutations in Patients with Apparently Sporadic Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma","volume":"35","author":"Shindo","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3792","article-title":"Whole-genome sequencing of quartet families with autism spectrum disorder","volume":"21","author":"Yuen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2634","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-03-3823","article-title":"Prospective risk of pancreatic cancer in familial pancreatic cancer kindreds","volume":"64","author":"Klein","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djp466","article-title":"Importance of age of onset in pancreatic cancer kindreds","volume":"102","author":"Brune","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Natl. Cancer Inst."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-62703-287-2_10","article-title":"The prevention and genetics of pancreatic cancer: A programmatic approach","volume":"980","author":"Lucas","year":"2013","journal-title":"Methods Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1038\/gim.2017.85","article-title":"Prevalence of germ-line mutations in cancer genes among pancreatic cancer patients with a positive family history","volume":"20","author":"Chaffee","year":"2018","journal-title":"Genet. Med."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3420","article-title":"Identifying people at a high risk of developing pancreatic cancer","volume":"13","author":"Klein","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1903387","article-title":"Maintenance Olaparib for Germline BRCA-Mutated Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer","volume":"381","author":"Golan","year":"2019","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dnarep.2004.03.011","article-title":"Functional consequences of sequence alterations in the ATM gene","volume":"3","author":"Lavin","year":"2004","journal-title":"DNA Repair (Amst.)"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.22528","article-title":"ATM is involved in cell-cycle control through the regulation of retinoblastoma protein phosphorylation","volume":"110","author":"Pizarro","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Cell. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-0004(00)01563-2","article-title":"FAT: A novel domain in PIK-related kinases","volume":"25","author":"Bosotti","year":"2000","journal-title":"Trends Biochem. Sci."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15741","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M513172200","article-title":"The FATC domains of PIKK proteins are functionally equivalent and participate in the Tip60-dependent activation of DNA-PKcs and ATM","volume":"281","author":"Jiang","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"573","article-title":"The incidence and gene frequency of ataxia-telangiectasia in the United States","volume":"39","author":"Swift","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.2005.026062","article-title":"Molecular pathology of ataxia telangiectasia","volume":"58","author":"Taylor","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Clin. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"401","article-title":"The ATM gene and ataxia telangiectasia","volume":"28","author":"Mavrou","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anticancer Res."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1781","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-15-0945","article-title":"ATM Mutations in Cancer: Therapeutic Implications","volume":"15","author":"Choi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer Ther."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-11-0194","article-title":"ATM mutations in patients with hereditary pancreatic cancer","volume":"2","author":"Roberts","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Discov."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.68.4.820","article-title":"Mutation and cancer: Statistical study of retinoblastoma","volume":"68","author":"Knudson","year":"1971","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2014.11.042","article-title":"Prevalence of germline mutations in cancer predisposition genes in patients with pancreatic cancer","volume":"148","author":"Grant","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74227","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.12490","article-title":"Germline mutations in Japanese familial pancreatic cancer patients","volume":"7","author":"Takai","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-15-0455","article-title":"Prevalence of Pathogenic Mutations in Cancer Predisposition Genes among Pancreatic Cancer Patients","volume":"25","author":"Hu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol. Biomark. Prev."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-15-0402","article-title":"Whole Genome Sequencing Defines the Genetic Heterogeneity of Familial Pancreatic Cancer","volume":"6","author":"Roberts","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Discov."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2401","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.6228","article-title":"Association Between Inherited Germline Mutations in Cancer Predisposition Genes and Risk of Pancreatic Cancer","volume":"319","author":"Hu","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"1","article-title":"Multigene Hereditary Cancer Panels Reveal High-Risk Pancreatic Cancer Susceptibility Genes","volume":"2","author":"Hu","year":"2018","journal-title":"JCO Precis. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1038\/s41436-018-0009-5","article-title":"Germline cancer susceptibility gene variants, somatic second hits, and survival outcomes in patients with resected pancreatic cancer","volume":"21","author":"Yurgelun","year":"2019","journal-title":"Genet. Med."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1007\/s00439-016-1715-1","article-title":"Multiple rare variants in high-risk pancreatic cancer-related genes may increase risk for pancreatic cancer in a subset of patients with and without germline CDKN2A mutations","volume":"135","author":"Yang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hum. Genet."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.11137","article-title":"Mutation Detection in Patients with Advanced Cancer by Universal Sequencing of Cancer-Related Genes in Tumor and Normal DNA vs. Guideline-Based Germline Testing","volume":"318","author":"Mandelker","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2017.07.007","article-title":"Integrated Genomic Characterization of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma","volume":"32","author":"Raphael","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3520","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.31628","article-title":"Prospective study of germline genetic testing in incident cases of pancreatic adenocarcinoma","volume":"124","author":"Brand","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1200\/PO.17.00098","article-title":"Reflex Testing for Germline BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, and ATM Mutations in Pancreatic Cancer: Mutation Prevalence and Clinical Outcomes from Two Canadian Research Registries","volume":"2","author":"Smith","year":"2018","journal-title":"JCO Precis. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djy024","article-title":"Prospective Evaluation of Germline Alterations in Patients with Exocrine Pancreatic Neoplasms","volume":"110","author":"Lowery","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Natl. Cancer Inst."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2242","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2019.02.037","article-title":"Real-Time Targeted Genome Profile Analysis of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinomas Identifies Genetic Alterations That Might Be Targeted with Existing Drugs or Used as Biomarkers","volume":"156","author":"Singhi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.6004\/jnccn.2019.0014","article-title":"Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma, Version 1.2019","volume":"17","author":"Tempero","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Natl. Compr. Cancer Netw."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdz136","article-title":"Germline-focussed analysis of tumour-only sequencing: Recommendations from the ESMO Precision Medicine Working Group","volume":"30","author":"Mandelker","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ann. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.4174\/astr.2018.94.5.247","article-title":"Clinical significance of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia in resectable pancreatic cancer on survivals","volume":"94","author":"Yu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann. Surg. Treat. Res."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1098","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2013.07.049","article-title":"Genetic alterations associated with progression from pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia to invasive pancreatic tumor","volume":"145","author":"Murphy","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7677","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms8677","article-title":"Loss of ATM accelerates pancreatic cancer formation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition","volume":"6","author":"Russell","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.07.3340","article-title":"Prevalence of unsuspected pancreatic cysts on MDCT","volume":"191","author":"Laffan","year":"2008","journal-title":"AJR Am. J. Roentgenol."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1905","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2019.01.254","article-title":"Prevalence of Germline Mutations Associated with Cancer Risk in Patients with Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms","volume":"156","author":"Skaro","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-7364-7-11","article-title":"Exome sequencing identifies nonsegregating nonsense ATM and PALB2 variants in familial pancreatic cancer","volume":"7","author":"Grant","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hum. Genom."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.2174\/1389202919666180221160753","article-title":"Genetic Alterations of Periampullary and Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: An Overview","volume":"19","author":"Sikdar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Genom."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283ra53","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aaa7161","article-title":"Personalized genomic analyses for cancer mutation discovery and interpretation","volume":"7","author":"Jones","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11547","article-title":"Pancreatic cancer genomes reveal aberrations in axon guidance pathway genes","volume":"491","author":"Biankin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14169","article-title":"Whole genomes redefine the mutational landscape of pancreatic cancer","volume":"518","author":"Waddell","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2493","article-title":"Integrated genomic analyses identify ARID1A and ARID1B alterations in the childhood cancer neuroblastoma","volume":"45","author":"Sausen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6744","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms7744","article-title":"Whole-exome sequencing of pancreatic cancer defines genetic diversity and therapeutic targets","volume":"6","author":"Witkiewicz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000001156","article-title":"Reliable Detection of Somatic Mutations in Fine Needle Aspirates of Pancreatic Cancer with Next-generation Sequencing: Implications for Surgical Management","volume":"263","author":"Saunders","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann. Surg."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1899","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-19-0208","article-title":"ATM Dysfunction in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma and Associated Therapeutic Implications","volume":"18","author":"Armstrong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer Ther."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1865","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-13-1239","article-title":"Having pancreatic cancer with tumoral loss of ATM and normal TP53 protein expression is associated with a poorer prognosis","volume":"20","author":"Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11144","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-11661-8","article-title":"ATM-deficiency increases genomic instability and metastatic potential in a mouse model of pancreatic cancer","volume":"7","author":"Drosos","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1002\/path.4310","article-title":"Whole-exome sequencing of pancreatic neoplasms with acinar differentiation","volume":"232","author":"Jiao","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Corbo, V., Ritelli, R., Barbi, S., Funel, N., Campani, D., Bardelli, A., and Scarpa, A. (2010). Mutational profiling of kinases in human tumours of pancreatic origin identifies candidate cancer genes in ductal and ampulla of vater carcinomas. PLoS ONE, 5.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0012653"},{"key":"ref_55","unstructured":"Noone, A.M., Howlader, N., Krapcho, M., Miller, D., Brest, A., Yu, M., Ruhl, J., Tatalovich, Z., Mariotto, A., and Lewis, D.R. (2020, January 17). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975\u20132015, Available online: http:\/\/seer.cancer.gov\/csr\/1975_2015\/."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2010","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2015.64.0730","article-title":"Benefit of Surveillance for Pancreatic Cancer in High-Risk Individuals: Outcome of Long-Term Prospective Follow-Up Studies from Three European Expert Centers","volume":"34","author":"Vasen","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.18.01512","article-title":"Deleterious Germline Mutations Are a Risk Factor for Neoplastic Progression Among High-Risk Individuals Undergoing Pancreatic Surveillance","volume":"37","author":"Abe","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1186\/s13058-018-0951-9","article-title":"Morphology and genomic hallmarks of breast tumours developed by ATM deleterious variant carriers","volume":"20","author":"Renault","year":"2018","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12477","article-title":"Signatures of mutational processes in human cancer","volume":"500","author":"Alexandrov","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1806","DOI":"10.1038\/s41379-019-0317-6","article-title":"Histomorphology of pancreatic cancer in patients with inherited ATM serine\/threonine kinase pathogenic variants","volume":"32","author":"Hutchings","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mod. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2016.3916","article-title":"Association of Distinct Mutational Signatures with Correlates of Increased Immune Activity in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma","volume":"3","author":"Connor","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1080\/15384101.2017.1312236","article-title":"Susceptibility of ATM-deficient pancreatic cancer cells to radiation","volume":"16","author":"Ayars","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Cycle"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e441","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2012.181","article-title":"Targeting ATR in vivo using the novel inhibitor VE-822 results in selective sensitization of pancreatic tumors to radiation","volume":"3","author":"Fokas","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1593\/neo.12538","article-title":"Sensitization of pancreatic cancer stem cells to gemcitabine by Chk1 inhibition","volume":"14","author":"Venkatesha","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neoplasia"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5576","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-17-0634","article-title":"ATM Deficiency Generating Genomic Instability Sensitizes Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cells to Therapy-Induced DNA Damage","volume":"77","author":"Perkhofer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Res."}],"container-title":["Genes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4425\/11\/1\/108\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T14:05:18Z","timestamp":1760364318000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4425\/11\/1\/108"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,17]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]}},"alternative-id":["genes11010108"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/genes11010108","relation":{},"ISSN":["2073-4425"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2073-4425","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,17]]}}}