{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T23:44:39Z","timestamp":1769816679823,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,14]],"date-time":"2020-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589414400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Swedish Cancer Society","award":["H.G."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H.G."]}]},{"name":"the Swedish Research Council","award":["H.G."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H.G."]}]},{"name":"Link\u00f6ping University","award":["H.G."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H.G."]}]},{"name":"ALF grants Region \u00d6sterg\u00f6tland","award":["H.G."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H.G."]}]},{"name":"Familjen Carl och Albert Molins i Motala minne","award":["N.B."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N.B."]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Genes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Treatments that include gemcitabine and carboplatin induce dose-limiting myelosuppression. The understanding of how human bone marrow is affected on a transcriptional level leading to the development of myelosuppression is required for the implementation of personalized treatments in the future. In this study, we treated human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) harvested from a patient with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) with gemcitabine\/carboplatin. Thereafter, scRNA-seq was performed to distinguish transcriptional effects induced by gemcitabine\/carboplatin. Gene expression was calculated and evaluated among cells within and between samples compared to untreated cells. Cell cycle analysis showed that the treatments effectively decrease cell proliferation, indicated by the proportion of cells in the G2M-phase dropping from 35% in untreated cells to 14.3% in treated cells. Clustering and t-SNE showed that cells within samples and between treated and untreated samples were affected differently. Enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes showed that the treatments influence KEGG pathways and Gene Ontologies related to myeloid cell proliferation\/differentiation, immune response, cancer, and the cell cycle. The present study shows the feasibility of using scRNA-seq and chemotherapy-treated HSPCs to find genes, pathways, and biological processes affected among and between treated and untreated cells. This indicates the possible gains of using single-cell toxicity studies for personalized medicine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/genes11050549","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,14]],"date-time":"2020-05-14T10:27:19Z","timestamp":1589452039000},"page":"549","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Single-Cell RNA Sequencing of Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells Treated with Gemcitabine and Carboplatin"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6806-4527","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niclas","family":"Bj\u00f6rn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pharmacology, Division of Drug Research, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Link\u00f6ping University, 581 85 Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4450-0333","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ingrid","family":"Jakobsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pharmacology, Division of Drug Research, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Link\u00f6ping University, 581 85 Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, \u00d6rebro University Hospital, 701 85 \u00d6rebro, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5797-7232","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kourosh","family":"Lotfi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pharmacology, Division of Drug Research, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Link\u00f6ping University, 581 85 Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Hematology, Link\u00f6ping University Hospital, 581 85 Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8015-5728","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henrik","family":"Gr\u00e9en","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pharmacology, Division of Drug Research, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Link\u00f6ping University, 581 85 Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Forensic Genetics and Forensic Toxicology, National Board of Forensic Medicine, 587 58 Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1097\/00002820-199904000-00011","article-title":"Gemcitabine: A pharmacologic and clinical overview","volume":"22","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cancer Nurs."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00257742","article-title":"Early clinical studies with cis-diammine-1,1-cyclobutane dicarboxylate platinum II","volume":"9","author":"Calvert","year":"1982","journal-title":"Cancer Chemother. 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