{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T11:30:06Z","timestamp":1790163006757,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,18]],"date-time":"2020-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1608249600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST108-2314-B-182A-047, 108-2629-B-182A-005, and 109-2629-B-182A-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST108-2314-B-182A-047, 108-2629-B-182A-005, and 109-2629-B-182A-001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004606","name":"Chang Gung Medical Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CMRPG3J0932"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPG3J0932"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004606","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Genes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and dementia are the leading causes of disability and mortality. Genetic connections between cardiovascular risk factors and dementia have not been elucidated. We conducted a scoping review and pathway analysis to reveal the genetic associations underlying both CVDs and dementia. In the PubMed database, literature was searched using keywords associated with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, white matter hyperintensities, cerebral microbleeds, and covert infarctions. Gene lists were extracted from these publications to identify shared genes and pathways for each group. This included high penetrance genes and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified through genome wide association studies. Most risk SNPs to both diabetes and dementia participate in the phospholipase C enzyme system and the downstream nositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and diacylglycerol activities. Interestingly, AP-2 (TFAP2) transcription factor family and metabolism of vitamins and cofactors were associated with genetic variants that were shared by white matter hyperintensities and dementia, and by microbleeds and dementia. Variants shared by covert infarctions and dementia were related to VEGF ligand\u2013receptor interactions and anti-inflammatory cytokine pathways. Our review sheds light on future investigations into the causative relationships behind CVDs and dementia, and can be a paradigm of the identification of dementia treatments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/genes11121514","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,21]],"date-time":"2020-12-21T04:12:01Z","timestamp":1608523921000},"page":"1514","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Genetic Variants behind Cardiovascular Diseases and Dementia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9895-4862","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei-Min","family":"Ho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan"},{"name":"College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9595-1420","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yah-Yuan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan"},{"name":"College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1115-2205","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi-Chun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan"},{"name":"College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2673","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)31363-6","article-title":"Dementia Prevention, Intervention, and Care","volume":"390","author":"Livingston","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2018.11499","article-title":"Association of Cardiovascular Health Level in Older Age with Cognitive Decline and Incident Dementia","volume":"320","author":"Samieri","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2019.03.016","article-title":"Neuroimaging Correlates with Neuropathologic Schemes in Neurodegenerative Disease","volume":"15","author":"Lowe","year":"2019","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21706","article-title":"The Neuropathology of Probable Alzheimer Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment","volume":"66","author":"Schneider","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann. 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