{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T04:23:22Z","timestamp":1772252602327,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,5]],"date-time":"2021-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609804800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010269","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["WT205915\/Z\/17\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WT205915\/Z\/17\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010269","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010661","name":"Horizon 2020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LONGITOOLS, H2020-SC1-2019-874739, DYNAhealth, H2020-PHC-2014-633595"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LONGITOOLS, H2020-SC1-2019-874739, DYNAhealth, H2020-PHC-2014-633595"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010661","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012100","name":"Royal Statistical Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IEC\\R2\\181075"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IEC\\R2\\181075"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012100","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Genes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We assessed the predictive ability of a combined genetic variant panel for the risk of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) through a case-control study. Our study sample was from Ukraine and included 114 cases with idiopathic RPL and 106 controls without any pregnancy losses\/complications and with at least one healthy child. We genotyped variants within 12 genetic loci reflecting the main biological pathways involved in pregnancy maintenance: blood coagulation (F2, F5, F7, GP1A), hormonal regulation (ESR1, ADRB2), endometrium and placental function (ENOS, ACE), folate metabolism (MTHFR) and inflammatory response (IL6, IL8, IL10). We showed that a genetic risk score (GRS) calculated from the 12 variants was associated with an increased risk of RPL (odds ratio 1.56, 95% CI: 1.21, 2.04, p = 8.7 \u00d7 10\u22124). The receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis resulted in an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.64 (95% CI: 0.57, 0.72), indicating an improved ability of the GRS to classify women with and without RPL. \u0399mplementation of the GRS approach can help define women at higher risk of complex multifactorial conditions such as RPL. Future well-powered genome-wide association studies will help in dissecting biological pathways previously unknown for RPL and further improve the identification of women with RPL susceptibility.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/genes12010064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,5]],"date-time":"2021-01-05T10:35:12Z","timestamp":1609842912000},"page":"64","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Risk of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss in the Ukrainian Population Using a Combined Effect of Genetic Variants: A Case-Control Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Eleni M.","family":"Loizidou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anastasia","family":"Kucherenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics NAS, 03143 Kiev, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pavlo","family":"Tatarskyy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics NAS, 03143 Kiev, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sergey","family":"Chernushyn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics NAS, 03143 Kiev, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ganna","family":"Livshyts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics NAS, 03143 Kiev, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roman","family":"Gulkovskyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics NAS, 03143 Kiev, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Iryna","family":"Vorobiova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Paediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences, 04050 Kiev, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yurii","family":"Antipkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Paediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences, 04050 Kiev, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oleksandra","family":"Gorodna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics NAS, 03143 Kiev, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marika A.","family":"Kaakinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK"},{"name":"Section of Statistical Multi-Omics, Department of Clinical &amp; Experimental Medicine, School of Biosciences &amp; Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1624-7457","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Inga","family":"Prokopenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Genetics and Genomics, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK"},{"name":"Section of Statistical Multi-Omics, Department of Clinical &amp; Experimental Medicine, School of Biosciences &amp; Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK"},{"name":"Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Centre Russian Academy of Sciences, 119192 Ufa, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ludmila","family":"Livshits","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics NAS, 03143 Kiev, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1520","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2009.09.009","article-title":"International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technology (ICMART) and the World Health Organization (WHO) revised glossary of ART terminology, 2009","volume":"92","author":"Adamson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Fertil. 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