{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T16:08:59Z","timestamp":1790611739601,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]],"date-time":"2021-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Genes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Variant transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTRv) is an autosomal dominant inherited disease, where the mutation of the transthyretin gene (TTR) results in the deposition of pathogenic protein fibrils in various tissues. The mutation type influences the clinical course. Until now, no data were available on the genotype, phenotype, and prevalence of Hungarian ATTRv patients. The aim of our study was to assess the prevalence, regional distribution, genotypes, and phenotypes of Hungarian patients with ATTRv. Methods: With the collaboration of Hungarian regional and university centers, we identified patients diagnosed with ATTRv. We also searched prior publications for case studies of Hungarian ATTRv patients. Results: 40 individuals in 23 families with ATTRv were identified within the borders of Hungary. At the time of the diagnosis, 24 of them were symptomatic. The two most common mutations were ATTRHis88Arg (nine families) and ATTRIle107Val (8 families). ATTRVal30Met was demonstrated in 2 families, and ATTRVal122del, ATTRPhe33Leu, ATTRIle84Ser, and ATTRAsp18Gly in one family each. The median age of the symptomatic patients at the time of clinical diagnosis was 65 years. The most common clinically significant organ involvement was restrictive cardiomyopathy, found in 24 patients. Polyneuropathy was diagnosed in 20 patients. A total of 19 patients showed a mixed phenotype. The leading symptom was heart failure in 8 cases (3 of them had only cardiac symptoms), polyneuropathy in 11 cases (all of them also had cardiac symptoms), and equally severe cardiac and neuropathy symptoms were present in 3 cases. Out of 24 symptomatic patients, 10 received targeted pharmacological therapy. The follow-up period ranged from 1 to 195 months. At the time of the retrospective analysis, 12 patients had already died, and 1 patient underwent heart transplantation. Conclusions: As TTR genotype influences the phenotype and clinical course of ATTRv, it is important to know the regional data. In Hungary, ATTRHis88Arg and ATTRIle107Val are the most common mutations in ATTRv, both presenting with mixed phenotype, but the median age at the time of the diagnosis is 9 years lower in patients with ATTRHis88Arg than in patients with ATTRIle107Val.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/genes12081152","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]],"date-time":"2021-07-28T11:12:52Z","timestamp":1627470772000},"page":"1152","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Variant Transthyretin Amyloidosis (ATTRv) in Hungary: First Data on Epidemiology and Clinical Features"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Zolt\u00e1n","family":"Pozsonyi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, H-1088 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gergely","family":"Pesk\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, H-1088 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hedvig","family":"Tak\u00e1cs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Non-Invasive Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Szeged, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3610-9852","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dorottya","family":"Csuka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, H-1088 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vikt\u00f3ria","family":"Nagy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Non-Invasive Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Szeged, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9769-3215","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c1gnes","family":"Szil\u00e1gyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, H-1088 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lidia","family":"Hategan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Non-Invasive Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Szeged, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bal\u00e1zs","family":"Muk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Military Hospital\u2014State Health Centre, H-1134 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Be\u00e1ta","family":"Cs\u00e1nyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Non-Invasive Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Szeged, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"No\u00e9mi","family":"Nyolczas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gottsegen National Cardiovascular Center, H-1096 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L\u00edvia","family":"D\u00e9zsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Szeged, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9350-1864","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Judit M\u00e1ria","family":"Moln\u00e1r","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Genomic Medicine and Rare Disorders, Semmelweis University, H-1088 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anita","family":"Csillik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Semmelweis University, H-1088 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katalin","family":"R\u00e9v\u00e9sz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, H-1088 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B\u00e9la","family":"Iv\u00e1nyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Szeged, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fruzsina","family":"Szab\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Genomic Medicine and Rare Disorders, Semmelweis University, H-1088 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kriszti\u00e1n","family":"Birtalan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Non-Invasive Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Szeged, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tam\u00e1s","family":"Masszi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, H-1088 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zsuzsanna","family":"Ar\u00e1nyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Semmelweis University, H-1088 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R\u00f3bert","family":"Sepp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Non-Invasive Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Szeged, H-6725 Szeged, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2641","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)01274-X","article-title":"Systemic amyloidosis","volume":"387","author":"Wechalekar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1080\/07853890701842988","article-title":"Senile systemic amyloidosis affects 25% of the very aged and associates with genetic variation in alpha2-macroglobulin and tau: A population-based autopsy study","volume":"40","author":"Tanskanen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann. 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