{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,30]],"date-time":"2026-01-30T11:22:12Z","timestamp":1769772132046,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,21]],"date-time":"2021-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634774400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004586","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["E26\/202.854\/2019 - Jovem Cientista do Nosso Estado and E26\/211.112\/2019 - Apoio a Grupos Emergentes de Pesquisa)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E26\/202.854\/2019 - Jovem Cientista do Nosso Estado and E26\/211.112\/2019 - Apoio a Grupos Emergentes de Pesquisa)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004586","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Inovabio grant program","award":["(BIO-004-FIO-17-2-11 - Bio-Manguinhos\/Fiocruz)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["(BIO-004-FIO-17-2-11 - Bio-Manguinhos\/Fiocruz)"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006507","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["(PAEF II, IOC-023-FIO-18-2-47)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["(PAEF II, IOC-023-FIO-18-2-47)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006507","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Genes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The Plasmodium vivax Cysteine-Rich Protective Antigen (PvCyRPA) has an important role in erythrocyte invasion and has been considered a target for vivax malaria vaccine development. Nonetheless, its genetic diversity remains uncharted in Brazilian malaria-endemic areas. Therefore, we investigated the pvcyrpa genetic polymorphism in 98 field isolates from the Brazilian Amazon and its impact on the antigenicity of predicted B-cell epitopes. Genetic diversity parameters, population genetic analysis, neutrality test and the median-joining network were analyzed, and the potential amino acid polymorphism participation in B-cell epitopes was investigated. One synonymous and 26 non-synonymous substitutions defined fifty haplotypes. The nucleotide diversity and Tajima\u2019s D values varied across the coding gene. The exon-1 sequence had greater diversity than those of exon-2. Concerning the prediction analysis, seven sequences were predicted as linear B cell epitopes, the majority contained in conformational epitopes. Moreover, important amino acid polymorphism was detected in regions predicted to contain residues participating in B-cell epitopes. Our data suggest that the pvcyrpa gene presents a moderate polymorphism in the studied isolates and such polymorphisms alter amino acid sequences contained in potential B cell epitopes, an important observation considering the antigen potentiality as a vaccine candidate to cover distinct P. vivax endemic areas worldwide.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/genes12111657","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,22]],"date-time":"2021-10-22T00:22:02Z","timestamp":1634862122000},"page":"1657","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Genetic Diversity of Plasmodium vivax Cysteine-Rich Protective Antigen (PvCyRPA) in Field Isolates from Five Different Areas of the Brazilian Amazon"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Lana","family":"Bitencourt Chaves","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Glaucia de Oliveira","family":"Guimar\u00e3es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daiana de Souza","family":"Perce-da-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Basic and Applied Immunology, Arthur S\u00e1 Earp Neto University Center, Petr\u00f3polis 25680-120, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dalma Maria","family":"Banic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paulo Renato Rivas","family":"Totino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Malaria Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ricardo Luiz Dantas","family":"Machado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Biomedical Institute, Fluminense Federal University, Rio de Janeiro 24210-130, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo Nunes","family":"Rodrigues-da-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Monoclonal Antibodies Technology, Institute of Immunobiology Technology, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lilian Rose","family":"Pratt-Riccio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Malaria Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cl\u00e1udio Tadeu","family":"Daniel-Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Malaria Research, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Josu\u00e9 da Costa","family":"Lima-Junior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"WHO (2020). 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