{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T05:27:38Z","timestamp":1768886858199,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]],"date-time":"2021-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640044800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["16KK0188 and 18H03155 to N.F"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16KK0188 and 18H03155 to N.F"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001700","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Institute of Health and Sports Science &amp; Medicine, Juntendo University","award":["N\/A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N\/A"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Genes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Human muscle fiber composition is heterogeneous and mainly determined by genetic factors. A previous study reported that experimentally induced iron deficiency in rats increases the proportion of fast-twitch muscle fibers. Iron status has been reported to be affected by genetic factors. As the TMPRSS6 rs855791 T\/C and HFE rs1799945 C\/G polymorphisms are strongly associated with iron status in humans, we hypothesized that the genotype score (GS) based on these polymorphisms could be associated with the muscle fiber composition in humans. Herein, we examined 214 Japanese individuals, comprising of 107 men and 107 women, for possible associations of the GS for iron status with the proportion of myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms (I, IIa, and IIx) as markers of muscle fiber composition. No statistically significant correlations were found between the GS for iron status and the proportion of MHC isoforms in all participants. When the participants were stratified based on sex, women showed positive and negative correlations of the GS with MHC-IIa (age-adjusted p = 0.020) and MHC-IIx (age-adjusted p = 0.011), respectively. In contrast, no correlation was found in men. In women, a 1-point increase in the GS was associated with 2.42% higher MHC-IIa level and 2.72% lower MHC-IIx level. Our results suggest that the GS based on the TMPRSS6 rs855791 T\/C and HFE rs1799945 C\/G polymorphisms for iron status is associated with muscle fiber composition in women.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/genes13010005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]],"date-time":"2021-12-21T09:50:43Z","timestamp":1640080243000},"page":"5","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Genotype Score for Iron Status Is Associated with Muscle Fiber Composition in Women"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Mizuki","family":"Takaragawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takuro","family":"Tobina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Nursing and Nutrition, University of Nagasaki, Nagasaki 851-2195, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1089-9593","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keisuke","family":"Shiose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Education, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryo","family":"Kakigi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Management & Information Science, Josai International University, Chiba 283-8555, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takamasa","family":"Tsuzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, Meijo University, Aichi 468-8503, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0467-3312","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noriko","family":"Ichinoseki-Sekine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan"},{"name":"Faculty of Liberal Arts, The Open University of Japan, Chiba 261-8586, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Kumagai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2248-8580","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hirofumi","family":"Zempo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo Seiei College, Tokyo 124-8530, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eri","family":"Miyamoto-Mikami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8377-0091","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan"},{"name":"Mito Medical Center, Tsukuba University Hospital, Ibaraki 310-0015, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0522-9512","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hisashi","family":"Naito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7792-5835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noriyuki","family":"Fuku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1970.00480280083010","article-title":"Muscle fiber types: How many and what kind?","volume":"23","author":"Brooke","year":"1970","journal-title":"Arch. 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