{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T07:29:16Z","timestamp":1778743756155,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,14]],"date-time":"2022-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644796800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002969","name":"Technology Agency of the Czech Republic","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TJ02000096"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TJ02000096"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002969","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001823","name":"Ministry of Education Youth and Sports","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CZ.02.1.01\/0.0\/0.0\/16_025\/0007314"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CZ.02.1.01\/0.0\/0.0\/16_025\/0007314"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001823","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Genes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The use of high-throughput small RNA sequencing is well established as a technique to unveil the miRNAs in various tissues. The miRNA profiles are different between infected and non-infected tissues. We compare the SARS-CoV-2 positive and SARS-CoV-2 negative RNA samples extracted from human nasopharynx tissue samples to show different miRNA profiles. We explored differentially expressed miRNAs in response to SARS-CoV-2 in the RNA extracted from nasopharynx tissues of 10 SARS-CoV-2-positive and 10 SARS-CoV-2-negative patients. miRNAs were identified by small RNA sequencing, and the expression levels of selected miRNAs were validated by real-time RT-PCR. We identified 943 conserved miRNAs, likely generated through posttranscriptional modifications. The identified miRNAs were expressed in both RNA groups, NegS and PosS: miR-148a, miR-21, miR-34c, miR-34b, and miR-342. The most differentially expressed miRNA was miR-21, which is likely closely linked to the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in nasopharynx tissues. Our results contribute to further understanding the role of miRNAs in SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis, which may be crucial for understanding disease symptom development in humans.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/genes13020348","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,14]],"date-time":"2022-02-14T20:26:42Z","timestamp":1644870402000},"page":"348","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Conserved MicroRNAs in Human Nasopharynx Tissue Samples from Swabs Are Differentially Expressed in Response to SARS-CoV-2"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7358-3903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ales","family":"Eichmeier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mendeleum\u2014Institute of Genetics, Mendel University in Brno, Valticka 334, 691 44 Lednice, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4344-4387","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomas","family":"Kiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mendeleum\u2014Institute of Genetics, Mendel University in Brno, Valticka 334, 691 44 Lednice, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Kocanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mendeleum\u2014Institute of Genetics, Mendel University in Brno, Valticka 334, 691 44 Lednice, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5433-8993","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eliska","family":"Hakalova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mendeleum\u2014Institute of Genetics, Mendel University in Brno, Valticka 334, 691 44 Lednice, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Milan","family":"Spetik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mendeleum\u2014Institute of Genetics, Mendel University in Brno, Valticka 334, 691 44 Lednice, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jana","family":"Cechova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mendeleum\u2014Institute of Genetics, Mendel University in Brno, Valticka 334, 691 44 Lednice, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Boris","family":"Tichy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Molecular Medicine, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1986","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa030685","article-title":"A major outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong","volume":"348","author":"Lee","year":"2003","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-0820-9","article-title":"The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2","volume":"26","author":"Andersen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lim, Y.X., Ng, Y.L., Tam, J.P., and Liu, D.X. (2016). Human Coronaviruses: A Review of Virus-Host Interactions. Diseases, 4.","DOI":"10.3390\/diseases4030026"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2020.03.022","article-title":"Review Article Genotype and phenotype of COVID-19: Their roles in pathogenesis","volume":"54","author":"Mousavizadeh","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100682","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genrep.2020.100682","article-title":"Genomic characterization of a novel SARS-CoV-2","volume":"19","author":"Khailany","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gene Rep."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2014.11.019","article-title":"Coronavirus nonstructural protein 1: Common and distinct functions in the regulation of host and viral gene expression","volume":"202","author":"Narayanan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2018.00402","article-title":"Overview of MicroRNA Biogenesis, Mechanisms of Actions, and Circulation","volume":"9","author":"Hayder","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2016.11.003","article-title":"MicroRNA Regulation of RNA Virus Replication and Pathogenesis","volume":"23","author":"Trobaugh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Trends Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2020.11.013","article-title":"Micro-RNAs in the regulation of immune response against SARS-CoV-2 and other viral infections","volume":"30","author":"AlHajri","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Adv. Res."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1080\/14787210.2020.1812385","article-title":"COVID-19: Fighting the invisible enemy with microRNAs","volume":"19","author":"Chauhan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Anti-Infect. Ther."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-021-01474-5","article-title":"MicroRNA Mimics or Inhibitors as Antiviral Therapeutic Approaches Against COVID-19","volume":"81","author":"Hum","year":"2021","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2015.07.003","article-title":"MicroRNAs mediating CNS inflammation: Small regulators with powerful potential","volume":"52","author":"Su","year":"2016","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg3722","article-title":"The rise of regulatory RNA","volume":"15","author":"Morris","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Genet."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108573","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2020.108573","article-title":"Single-Cell Mapping of Progressive Fetal-to-Adult Transition in Human Naive T Cells","volume":"34","author":"Bunis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1510","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-16-2346","article-title":"Precancer Atlas to Drive Precision Prevention Trials","volume":"77","author":"Spira","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3353","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkz097","article-title":"An estimate of the total number of true human miRNAs","volume":"47","author":"Alles","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45199","DOI":"10.1038\/srep45199","article-title":"Integrated DNA and RNA extraction using magnetic beads from viral pathogens causing acute respiratory infections","volume":"7","author":"He","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2000045","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.3.2000045","article-title":"Detection of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by real-time RT-PCR","volume":"25","author":"Corman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eurosurveillance"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262","article-title":"Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2\u2212\u2206\u2206CT Method","volume":"25","author":"Livak","year":"2001","journal-title":"Methods"},{"key":"ref_20","unstructured":"Andrews, S. (2021, February 02). FastQC: A Quality Control Tool for High Throughput SEQUENCE Data. Available online: https:\/\/www.bioinformatics.babraham.ac.uk\/projects\/fastqc."},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"9","article-title":"PAST: Paleontological statistics software package for education and data analysis","volume":"4","author":"Hammer","year":"2001","journal-title":"Palaeontol. Electron."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e45","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/29.9.e45","article-title":"A new mathematical model for relative quantification in real-time RT-PCR","volume":"29","author":"Pfaffl","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arisan, E.D., Dart, A., Grant, G.H., Arisan, S., Cuhadaroglu, S., Lange, S., and Uysal-Onganer, P. (2020). The Prediction of miRNAs in SARS-CoV-2 Genomes: Hsa-miR Databases Identify 7 Key miRs Linked to Host Responses and Virus Pathogenicity-Related KEGG Pathways Significant for Comorbidities. Viruses, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/v12060614"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1007\/s12250-020-00221-6","article-title":"Computational Identification of Small Interfering RNA Targets in SARS-CoV-2","volume":"35","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Virol. Sin."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chow, J.T.S., and Salmena, L. (2020). Prediction and Analysis of SARS-CoV-2-Targeting MicroRNA in Human Lung Epithelium. Genes, 11.","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints202008.0253.v1"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2020.110245","article-title":"SARS-CoV-2 and miRNA-like inhibition power","volume":"144","author":"Demongeot","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med. Hypotheses"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4807","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21134807","article-title":"Implications of SARS-CoV-2 Mutations for Genomic RNA Structure and Host microRNA Targeting","volume":"21","author":"Rad","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"571274","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2020.571274","article-title":"Identification of Novel SARS-CoV-2 Drug Targets by Host MicroRNAs and Transcription Factors Coregulatory Interaction Network Analysis","volume":"11","author":"Sardar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Genet."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e23590","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.23590","article-title":"Differential microRNA expression in the peripheral blood from human patients with COVID-19","volume":"34","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clin. Lab. Anal."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2020.08.017","article-title":"MicroRNAs targeting the SARS-CoV-2 entry receptor ACE2 in cardiomyocytes","volume":"148","author":"Lu","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fang, Z.D., Du, R.F., Edwards, A., Flemington, E.K., and Zhang, K. (2013). The Sequence Structures of Human MicroRNA Molecules and Their Implications. PLoS ONE, 8.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0054215"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6877","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/20.23.6877","article-title":"Functional anatomy of siRNAs for mediating efficient RNAi in Drosophila melanogaster embryo lysate","volume":"20","author":"Elbashir","year":"2001","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28312","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M302094200","article-title":"Use of RNA interference-mediated gene silencing and adenoviral overexpression to elucidate the roles of AKT\/protein kinase B isoforms in insulin actions","volume":"278","author":"Katome","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1206","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201444637","article-title":"miR-148a promotes plasma cell differentiation and targets the germinal center transcription factors Mitf and Bach2","volume":"45","author":"Porstner","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1097\/ID.0b013e318166d182","article-title":"Peptide-15 changes miRNA expression in osteoblast-like cells","volume":"17","author":"Palmieri","year":"2008","journal-title":"Implant. Dent."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914-013-0143-6","article-title":"MicroRNA Functions in Osteogenesis and Dysfunctions in Osteoporosis","volume":"11","author":"Lian","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. Osteoporos. Rep."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1153","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26422","article-title":"miR-148a plays a pivotal role in the liver by promoting the hepatospecific phenotype and suppressing the invasiveness of transformed cells","volume":"58","author":"Gailhouste","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1126\/science.289.5481.950","article-title":"Inhibition of adipogenesis by Wnt signaling","volume":"289","author":"Ross","year":"2000","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3993","DOI":"10.1021\/pr400302w","article-title":"Quantitative Proteomics Reveals Diverse Roles of miR-148a from Gastric Cancer Progression to Neurological Development","volume":"12","author":"Hu","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Proteome Res."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1089\/scd.2009.0071","article-title":"MicroRNA Expression Profiles in Umbilical Cord Blood Cell Lineages","volume":"19","author":"Merkerova","year":"2010","journal-title":"Stem Cells Dev."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1152\/physiolgenomics.00077.2010","article-title":"Combined mRNA and microRNA profiling reveals that miR-148a and miR-20b control human mesenchymal stem cell phenotype via EPAS1","volume":"43","author":"Nissan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Physiol. Genom."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.7150\/jca.14616","article-title":"The Role of Mir-148a in Cancer","volume":"7","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Farr, R.J., Rootes, C.L., Rowntree, L.C., Nguyen, T.H.O., Hensen, L., Kedzierski, L., Cheng, A.C., Kedzierska, K., Au, G.G., and Marsh, G.A. (2021). Altered microRNA expression in COVID-19 patients enables identification of SARS-CoV-2 infection. PLoS Pathog., 17.","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-253459\/v1"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4994","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0803560","article-title":"MicroRNA-21 Is Up-Regulated in Allergic Airway Inflammation and Regulates IL-12p35 Expression","volume":"182","author":"Lu","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1589","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20100035","article-title":"miR-21 mediates fibrogenic activation of pulmonary fibroblasts and lung fibrosis","volume":"207","author":"Liu","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2018.00175","article-title":"miR-21-3p Regulates Influenza A Virus Replication by Targeting Histone Deacetylase-8","volume":"8","author":"Xia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, Y.N., Chen, J.B., Wang, H., Shi, J.J., Wu, K.L., Liu, S., Liu, Y.L., and Wu, J.G. (2013). HCV-Induced miR-21 Contributes to Evasion of Host Immune System by Targeting MyD88 and IRAK1. PLoS Pathog., 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003248"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4690-5-118","article-title":"MicroRNA profile changes in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) seropositive individuals","volume":"5","author":"Houzet","year":"2008","journal-title":"Retrovirology"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ncrna.2020.11.005","article-title":"High affinity of host human microRNAs to SARS-CoV-2 genome: An in silico analysis","volume":"5","author":"Jazi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Non-Coding RNA Res."},{"key":"ref_50","first-page":"121","article-title":"CXCL10\/IP-10 in infectious diseases pathogenesis and potential therapeutic implications","volume":"22","author":"Liu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cytokine Growth Factor Rev."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.2096","article-title":"Circulating cardiovascular microRNAs in critically ill COVID-19 patients","volume":"23","author":"Garg","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Heart Fail."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s41544-018-0004-7","article-title":"MicroRNAs in viral acute respiratory infections: Immune regulation, biomarkers, therapy, and vaccines","volume":"1","author":"Zeng","year":"2019","journal-title":"ExRNA"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1261\/rna.1947110","article-title":"Systematic comparison of microarray profiling, real-time PCR, and next-generation sequencing technologies for measuring differential microRNA expression","volume":"16","author":"Git","year":"2010","journal-title":"RNA"},{"key":"ref_54","first-page":"3357","article-title":"MiR-34c induces apoptosis and inhibits the viability of M4e cells by targeting BCL2","volume":"15","author":"Li","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oncol. Lett."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Francis, S.M.S., Davidson, M.R., Tan, M.E., Wright, C.M., Clarke, B.E., Duhig, E.E., Bowman, R.V., Hayward, N.K., Fong, K.M., and Yang, I.A. (2014). MicroRNA-34c is associated with emphysema severity and modulates SERPINE1 expression. BMC Genom., 15.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-15-88"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1111\/2049-632X.12055","article-title":"The role of Serpine-1 and Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase type-1 in early host responses to Staphylococcus aureus intracutaneous infection of mice","volume":"68","author":"Harslund","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pathog. Dis."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1515\/tjb-2020-0520","article-title":"Serum microRNA signature is capable of predictive and prognostic factor for SARS-CoV-2 virulence","volume":"46","author":"Demiray","year":"2021","journal-title":"Turk. J. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967946","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/967946","article-title":"A Computational Approach for Predicting Role of Human MicroRNAs in MERS-CoV Genome","volume":"2014","author":"Hasan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Adv. Bioinform."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2011.12.004","article-title":"MiR-342-5p suppresses coxsackievirus B3 biosynthesis by targeting the 2C-coding region","volume":"93","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Antivir. Res."}],"container-title":["Genes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4425\/13\/2\/348\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T22:19:36Z","timestamp":1760134776000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4425\/13\/2\/348"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,14]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]}},"alternative-id":["genes13020348"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/genes13020348","relation":{},"ISSN":["2073-4425"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2073-4425","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,14]]}}}