{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T04:03:41Z","timestamp":1762056221812,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,17]],"date-time":"2022-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655424000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital","award":["TCAFGH-E-110050"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TCAFGH-E-110050"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Genes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: the impact of knee osteoarthritis (OA) poses a formidable challenge to older adults. Studies have reported that genetic factors, such as MMP1, are one of important risk factors for knee OA. Although the relationship between the genetic polymorphism of MMP1 rs1799750 and the risk of knee OA has been explored, conclusions have been nonunanimous and pending due to research sample sizes, one of determinants in studying genetic polymorphisms associated with disease. Objective: to establish a model to assess whether the genetic polymorphism of MMP1 rs1799750 is associated with knee OA based on an estimation of sample sizes. Methods: samples were collected from a case\u2013control and meta-analysis study. In the case\u2013control study, patients who underwent knee X-ray examinations based on the Kellgren\u2013Lawrence Grading System (KL) as diagnostic criteria were recruited at the Health Examination Center of the Tri-Service General Hospital from 2015 to 2019. Gene sequencing was conducted using iPLEX Gold. Those with unsuccessful gene sequencing were excluded. Finally, there were 569 patients in the knee OA group (KL \u2265 2) and 534 participants in the control group (KL &lt; 2). In the meta-analysis, we used the databases PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane to search for studies on the relationship between MMP1 rs1799750 and knee OA. Next, we adopted the trial sequential analysis (TSA) method to assess whether sample sizes were sufficient or not to determine the risk of the genetic polymorphism of MMP1 rs1799750 on knee OA in Caucasians and Asians. Results: in Caucasians, the MMP1 rs1799750 was not significantly associated with knee OA with an odds ratios (OR) of 1.10 (95% confidence interval, CI: 0.45\u20132.68). Some extra 8559 samples were needed to conclude this relationship in Caucasians by the TSA model. In Asians, neither our case\u2013control study results (n = 1103) nor a combination of samples from the case\u2013control and meta-analysis results showed an association between MMP1 rs1799750 and knee OA. The OR (95% CI) was 1.10 (0.81\u20131.49) in a combination of Asian samples. Some extra 5517 samples were needed to justify this relationship in Asians by the TSA model. Conclusions: this research shows that an extra 8559 and 5517 samples are needed in Caucasians and Asians, respectively, in order to justify the association between MMP1 rs1799750 and knee OA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/genes13061084","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,17]],"date-time":"2022-06-17T11:45:44Z","timestamp":1655466344000},"page":"1084","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Strategy to Estimate Sample Sizes to Justify the Association between MMP1 SNP and Osteoarthritis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Chung-Cheng","family":"Kao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tri-Service General Hospital Songshan Branch, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 10581, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hsiang-En","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jen-Chieh","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic Department, Armed Forces General Hospital, Taichung 41152, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0753-6161","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hsiang-Cheng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology\/Immunology\/Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2127-0539","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Su-Wen","family":"Chuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan"},{"name":"Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0165-9459","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meng-Chang","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-018-1785-7","article-title":"Prevalence and development of hip and knee osteoarthritis according to American College of Rheumatology criteria in the CHECK cohort","volume":"21","author":"Damen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arthritis Res. 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