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PDGFR\u03b1 and PDGFR\u03b2 double knockout (DKO) in cardiac neural crest cells (CNCCs) has been reported to cause PTA, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we constructed a PTA mouse model with PDGFR\u03b1 and PDGFR\u03b2 double knockout in Pax3+ CNCCs and described the condensation failure into OFT septum of CNCC-derived cells due to disturbance of cell polarity in the DKO group. In addition, we further explored the mechanism with single-cell RNA sequencing. We found that two main cell differentiation trajectories into vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from cardiomyocytes (CMs) and mesenchymal cells (MSs), respectively, were interrupted in the DKO group. The process of CM differentiation into VSMC stagnated in a transitional CM I-like state, which contributed to the failure of OFT remodeling and muscular septum formation. On the other hand, a Penk+ transitional MS II cluster closely related to cell condensation into the OFT septum disappeared, which led to the OFT\u2019s septation absence directly. In conclusion, the disturbance of CNCC-derived cells caused by PDGFR\u03b1 and PDGFR\u03b2 knockout can lead to the OFT septation disorder and the occurrence of PTA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/genes13101708","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,23]],"date-time":"2022-09-23T04:07:07Z","timestamp":1663906027000},"page":"1708","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Single Cell Sequencing Reveals Mechanisms of Persistent Truncus Arteriosus Formation after PDGFR\u03b1 and PDGFR\u03b2 Double Knockout in Cardiac Neural Crest Cells"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Tianyun","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9126-7840","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shen","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haobin","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Thoracic Surgery, School of Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Lian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengshou","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100006, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2006.09.003","article-title":"Making or Breaking the Heart: From Lineage Determination to Morphogenesis","volume":"126","author":"Srivastava","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00796321","article-title":"Persistent truncus arteriosus operated during infancy: Long-term follow-up","volume":"15","author":"Slavik","year":"1994","journal-title":"Pediatr. 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