{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T04:25:08Z","timestamp":1792211108491,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,27]],"date-time":"2022-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664236800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Genes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Anoctaminopathy-5 refers to a group of hereditary skeletal muscle or bone disorders due to mutations in the anoctamin 5 (ANO5)-encoding gene, ANO5. ANO5 is a 913-amino acid protein of the anoctamin family that functions predominantly in phospholipid scrambling and plays a key role in the sarcolemmal repairing process. Monoallelic mutations in ANO5 give rise to an autosomal dominant skeletal dysplastic syndrome (gnathodiaphyseal dysplasia or GDD), while its biallelic mutations underlie a continuum of four autosomal recessive muscle phenotypes: (1). limb\u2013girdle muscular dystrophy type R12 (LGMDR12); (2). Miyoshi distal myopathy type 3 (MMD3); (3). metabolic myopathy-like (pseudometabolic) phenotype; (4). asymptomatic hyperCKemia. ANO5 muscle disorders are rare, but their prevalence is relatively high in northern European populations because of the founder mutation c.191dupA. Weakness is generally asymmetric and begins in proximal muscles in LGMDR12 and in distal muscles in MMD3. Patients with the pseudometabolic or asymptomatic hyperCKemia phenotype have no weakness, but conversion to the LGMDR12 or MMD3 phenotype may occur as the disease progresses. There is no clear genotype\u2013phenotype correlation. Muscle biopsy displays a broad spectrum of pathology, ranging from normal to severe dystrophic changes. Intramuscular interstitial amyloid deposits are observed in approximately half of the patients. Symptomatic and supportive strategies remain the mainstay of treatment. The recent development of animal models of ANO5 muscle diseases could help achieve a better understanding of their underlying pathomechanisms and provide an invaluable resource for therapeutic discovery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/genes13101736","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,27]],"date-time":"2022-09-27T23:12:12Z","timestamp":1664320332000},"page":"1736","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Anoctamin 5 (ANO5) Muscle Disorders: A Narrative Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9269-7751","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pannathat","family":"Soontrapa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neuromuscular Medicine, Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"},{"name":"Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teerin","family":"Liewluck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neuromuscular Medicine, Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1086\/421527","article-title":"The novel gene encoding a putative transmembrane protein is mutated in gnathodiaphyseal dysplasia (GDD)","volume":"74","author":"Tsutsumi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am. 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