{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T00:57:16Z","timestamp":1773277036479,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":106,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,26]],"date-time":"2022-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672012800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"National Eye Institute at the National Institutes of Health (NIH)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R00EYE027460"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R00EYE027460"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"National Eye Institute at the National Institutes of Health (NIH)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U54GM104938"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U54GM104938"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"National Eye Institute at the National Institutes of Health (NIH)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30EY027125"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30EY027125"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Oklahoma Shared Center for Translational Research","award":["R00EYE027460"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R00EYE027460"]}]},{"name":"Oklahoma Shared Center for Translational Research","award":["U54GM104938"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U54GM104938"]}]},{"name":"Oklahoma Shared Center for Translational Research","award":["P30EY027125"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30EY027125"]}]},{"name":"Presbyterian Health Foundation (PHF)","award":["R00EYE027460"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R00EYE027460"]}]},{"name":"Presbyterian Health Foundation (PHF)","award":["U54GM104938"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U54GM104938"]}]},{"name":"Presbyterian Health Foundation (PHF)","award":["P30EY027125"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30EY027125"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001818","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R00EYE027460"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R00EYE027460"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001818","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001818","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U54GM104938"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U54GM104938"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001818","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001818","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30EY027125"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30EY027125"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001818","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Research to Prevent Blindness Inc.","award":["R00EYE027460"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R00EYE027460"]}]},{"name":"Research to Prevent Blindness Inc.","award":["U54GM104938"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U54GM104938"]}]},{"name":"Research to Prevent Blindness Inc.","award":["P30EY027125"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30EY027125"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Genes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The overlapping genetic and clinical spectrum in inherited retinal degeneration (IRD) creates challenges for accurate diagnoses. The goal of this work was to determine the genetic diagnosis and clinical features for patients diagnosed with an IRD. After signing informed consent, peripheral blood or saliva was collected from 64 patients diagnosed with an IRD. Genetic testing was performed on each patient in a Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (CLIA) certified laboratory. Mutations were verified with Sanger sequencing and segregation analysis when possible. Visual acuity was measured with a traditional Snellen chart and converted to a logarithm of minimal angle of resolution (logMAR). Fundus images of dilated eyes were acquired with the Optos\u00ae camera (Dunfermline, UK). Horizontal line scans were obtained with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT; Spectralis, Heidelberg, Germany). Genetic testing combined with segregation analysis resolved molecular and clinical diagnoses for 75% of patients. Ten novel mutations were found and unique genotype phenotype associations were made for the genes RP2 and CEP83. Collective knowledge is thereby expanded of the genetic basis and phenotypic correlation in IRD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/genes14010074","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,27]],"date-time":"2022-12-27T07:30:06Z","timestamp":1672126206000},"page":"74","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Genetic Diagnosis for 64 Patients with Inherited Retinal Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Jacob","family":"Lynn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Austin","family":"Raney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nathaniel","family":"Britton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Josh","family":"Ramoin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Osteopathic Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryan W.","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bojana","family":"Radojevic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Dean McGee Eye Institute, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cynthia K.","family":"McClard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Dean McGee Eye Institute, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ronald","family":"Kingsley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Dean McGee Eye Institute, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Razek Georges","family":"Coussa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Dean McGee Eye Institute, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lea D.","family":"Bennett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA"},{"name":"College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Dean McGee Eye Institute, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2017.4655","article-title":"Estimates of incidence and prevalence of visual impairment, low vision, and blindness in the united states","volume":"136","author":"Chan","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-437X(00)00195-7","article-title":"Molecular genetics and prospects for therapy of the inherited retinal dystrophies","volume":"11","author":"Bessant","year":"2001","journal-title":"Curr. 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