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Xylem sap protein 10 (XSP10) and Salicylic acid methyl transferase (SlSAMT) are two putative negative regulatory genes associated with Fusarium wilt of tomato. Fusarium wilt tolerance in tomato can be developed by targeting these susceptible (S) genes. Due to its efficiency, high target specificity, and versatility, CRISPR\/Cas9 has emerged as one of the most promising techniques for knocking out disease susceptibility genes in a variety of model and agricultural plants to increase tolerance\/resistance to various plant diseases in recent years. Though alternative methods, like RNAi, have been attempted to knock down these two S genes in order to confer resistance in tomato against Fusarium wilt, there has been no report of employing the CRISPR\/Cas9 system for this specific intent. In this study, we provide a comprehensive downstream analysis of the two S genes via CRISPR\/Cas9-mediated editing of single (XSP10 and SlSAMT individually) and dual-gene (XSP10 and SlSAMT simultaneously). Prior to directly advancing on to the generation of stable lines, the editing efficacy of the sgRNA-Cas9 complex was first validated using single cell (protoplast) transformation. In the transient leaf disc assay, the dual-gene editing showed strong phenotypic tolerance to Fusarium wilt disease with INDEL mutations than single-gene editing. In stable genetic transformation of tomato at the GE1 generation, dual-gene CRISPR transformants of XSP10 and SlSAMT primarily exhibited INDEL mutations than single-gene-edited lines. The dual-gene CRISPR-edited lines (CRELs) of XSP10 and SlSAMT at GE1 generation conferred a strong phenotypic tolerance to Fusarium wilt disease compared to single-gene-edited lines. Taken together, the reverse genetic studies in transient and stable lines of tomato revealed that, XSP10 and SlSAMT function together as negative regulators in conferring genetic tolerance to Fusarium wilt disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/genes14020488","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,15]],"date-time":"2023-02-15T03:09:21Z","timestamp":1676430561000},"page":"488","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["CRISPR\/Cas9-Mediated Mutation in XSP10 and SlSAMT Genes Impart Genetic Tolerance to Fusarium Wilt Disease of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Johni","family":"Debbarma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (CSIR-NEIST), Jorhat 785006, Assam, India"},{"name":"Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Banashree","family":"Saikia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (CSIR-NEIST), Jorhat 785006, Assam, India"},{"name":"Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dhanawantari","family":"Singha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (CSIR-NEIST), Jorhat 785006, Assam, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7793-861X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Debajit","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (CSIR-NEIST), Jorhat 785006, Assam, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ajay","family":"Keot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (CSIR-NEIST), Jorhat 785006, Assam, India"},{"name":"Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4628-5956","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jitendra","family":"Maharana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat 785013, Assam, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natarajan","family":"Velmurugan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Branch Laboratory-Itanagar, Biological Sciences Division, CSIR-NEIST, Naharlagun 791110, Arunachal Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1588-4887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kallare","family":"Arunkumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Muga Eri Research and Training Institute (CMER&TI), Lahdoigarh, Jorhat 785700, Assam, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Palakolanu","family":"Reddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Crop Research Institute for the Semi Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Hyderabad 502324, Telangana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7329-8643","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Channakeshavaiah","family":"Chikkaputtaiah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biological Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (CSIR-NEIST), Jorhat 785006, Assam, India"},{"name":"Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1364-3703.2004.00252.x","article-title":"Heading for disaster: Fusarium graminearum on cereal crops","volume":"5","author":"Goswami","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mol. 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