{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T21:15:23Z","timestamp":1762377323550,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,17]],"date-time":"2023-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676592000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Cient\u00edfico y Tecnol\u00f3gico (FONDECYT)","award":["1201498","3210050","15110027","1522A0004","21220218","21230070"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1201498","3210050","15110027","1522A0004","21220218","21230070"]}]},{"name":"Fondo de Financiamiento de Centros de Investigaci\u00f3n en \u00c1reas Prioritarias (FONDAP) INCAR","award":["1201498","3210050","15110027","1522A0004","21220218","21230070"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1201498","3210050","15110027","1522A0004","21220218","21230070"]}]},{"name":"Concurso de Apoyo a Centros de Excelencia en Investigaci\u00f3n FONDAP","award":["1201498","3210050","15110027","1522A0004","21220218","21230070"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1201498","3210050","15110027","1522A0004","21220218","21230070"]}]},{"name":"ANID","award":["1201498","3210050","15110027","1522A0004","21220218","21230070"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1201498","3210050","15110027","1522A0004","21220218","21230070"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Genes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In aquaculture, many stressors can negatively affect growth in teleosts. It is believed that cortisol performs glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid functions because teleosts do not synthesize aldosterone. However, recent data suggest that 11-deoxycorticosterone (DOC) released during stress events may be relevant to modulate the compensatory response. To understand how DOC modifies the skeletal muscle molecular response, we carried out a transcriptomic analysis. Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were intraperitoneally treated with physiological doses of DOC in individuals pretreated with mifepristone (glucocorticoid receptor antagonist) or eplerenone (mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist). RNA was extracted from the skeletal muscles, and cDNA libraries were constructed from vehicle, DOC, mifepristone, mifepristone plus DOC, eplerenone, and eplerenone plus DOC groups. The RNA-seq analysis revealed 131 differentially expressed transcripts (DETs) induced by DOC with respect to the vehicle group, mainly associated with muscle contraction, sarcomere organization, and cell adhesion. In addition, a DOC versus mifepristone plus DOC analysis revealed 122 DETs related to muscle contraction, sarcomere organization, and skeletal muscle cell differentiation. In a DOC versus eplerenone plus DOC analysis, 133 DETs were associated with autophagosome assembly, circadian regulation of gene expression, and regulation of transcription from RNA pol II promoter. These analyses indicate that DOC has a relevant function in the stress response of skeletal muscles, whose action is differentially modulated by GR and MR and is complementary to cortisol.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/genes14020512","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,20]],"date-time":"2023-02-20T04:58:23Z","timestamp":1676869103000},"page":"512","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Effect of 11-Deoxycorticosterone in the Transcriptomic Response to Stress in Rainbow Trout Skeletal Muscle"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Rodrigo","family":"Zuloaga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370146, Chile"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Concepci\u00f3n 4030000, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0196-9211","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela","family":"Aravena-Canales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370146, Chile"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Concepci\u00f3n 4030000, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jorge Eduardo","family":"Aedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biolog\u00eda y Qu\u00edmica, Facultad de Ciencias B\u00e1sicas, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Maule, Talca 3466706, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3653-9978","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cesar","family":"Osorio-Fuentealba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"N\u00facleo de Bienestar y Desarrollo Humano (NUBIDEH), Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Educaci\u00f3n (CIE-UMCE), Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educaci\u00f3n, Santiago 7780450, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7411-5391","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alfredo","family":"Molina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370146, Chile"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Concepci\u00f3n 4030000, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan Antonio","family":"Vald\u00e9s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370146, Chile"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Concepci\u00f3n 4030000, Chile"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3030","DOI":"10.20546\/ijcmas.2017.610.357","article-title":"Stress in Aquaculture Hatcheries: Source, Impact and Mitigation","volume":"6","author":"Rehman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. Appl. Sci."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768558","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2021.768558","article-title":"Research Before Policy: Identifying Gaps in Salmonid Welfare Research That Require Further Study to Inform Evidence-Based Aquaculture Guidelines in Canada","volume":"8","author":"Gaffney","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1997.77.3.591","article-title":"The Stress Response in Fish","volume":"77","year":"1997","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2019.00062","article-title":"Netting the Stress Responses in Fish","volume":"10","author":"Balasch","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1011107610971","article-title":"Stress Hormones and the Cellular Stress Response in Salmonids","volume":"23","author":"Ackerman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Fish Physiol. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"1019","article-title":"What Is Stress? A Systems Perspective","volume":"58","author":"Buck","year":"2018","journal-title":"Integr. Comp. Biol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/icz011","article-title":"How Truly Conserved Is the \u201cWell-Conserved\u201d Vertebrate Stress Response?","volume":"59","author":"Romero","year":"2019","journal-title":"Integr. Comp. Biol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4223","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2003-0843","article-title":"Evolution of Glucocorticoid and Mineralocorticoid Responses: Go Fish","volume":"144","author":"Baker","year":"2003","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.vh.2018.10.009","article-title":"Evolution of the Mineralocorticoid Receptor","volume":"Volume 109","author":"Baker","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vitamins and Hormones"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2013.07.009","article-title":"Evolution of Hormone Selectivity in Glucocorticoid and Mineralocorticoid Receptors","volume":"137","author":"Baker","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2004-0128","article-title":"11-Deoxycorticosterone Is a Potent Agonist of the Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Mineralocorticoid Receptor","volume":"146","author":"Sturm","year":"2005","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7827-6-19","article-title":"Plasma 11-Deoxycorticosterone (DOC) and Mineralocorticoid Receptor Testicular Expression during Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss Spermiation: Implication with 17alpha, 20beta-Dihydroxyprogesterone on the Milt Fluidity?","volume":"6","author":"Milla","year":"2008","journal-title":"Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2004-1390","article-title":"Mineralocorticoid Receptors and Hormones: Fishing for Answers","volume":"146","author":"Gilmour","year":"2005","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2009.02.027","article-title":"Corticosteroids: Friends or Foes of Teleost Fish Reproduction?","volume":"153","author":"Milla","year":"2009","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Part A Mol. Integr. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S195","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-169X.2008.01019.x","article-title":"Regulation of Oocyte Maturation in Fish: Regulation of Oocyte Maturation in Fish","volume":"50","author":"Nagahama","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dev. Growth Differ."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2017.08.013","article-title":"Regulation of the Corticosteroid Signalling System in Rainbow Trout HPI Axis during Confinement Stress","volume":"258","author":"Kiilerich","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-10-0326","article-title":"Differential Effects of Cortisol and 11-Deoxycorticosterone on Ion Transport Protein MRNA Levels in Gills of Two Euryhaline Teleosts, Mozambique Tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) and Striped Bass (Morone saxatilis)","volume":"209","author":"Kiilerich","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2019.03.022","article-title":"Membrane-Initiated Cortisol Action Modulates Early Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 2 (Pdk2) Expression in Fish Skeletal Muscle","volume":"233","author":"Aedo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Part A: Mol. Integr. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_19","first-page":"86","article-title":"Physiological and Proteomic Responses to Corticosteroid Treatments in Eurasian Perch, Perca Fluviatilis: Investigation of Immune-Related Parameters","volume":"25","author":"Milla","year":"2018","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Part D Genom. Proteom."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1152\/physiolgenomics.00042.2019","article-title":"Early Transcriptomic Responses Associated with the Membrane-Initiated Action of Cortisol in the Skeletal Muscle of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)","volume":"51","author":"Aedo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Physiol. Genom."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2018.05.031","article-title":"Endogenous Regulation of 11-Deoxycorticosterone (DOC) and Corticosteroid Receptors (CRs) during Rainbow Trout Early Development and the Effects of Corticosteroids on Hatching","volume":"265","author":"Kiilerich","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2020.00648","article-title":"Medical Treatment of Cushing\u2019s Disease: An Overview of the Current and Recent Clinical Trials","volume":"11","author":"Pivonello","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"jeb241943","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.241943","article-title":"11-Deoxycortisol Is a Stress Responsive and Gluconeogenic Hormone in a Jawless Vertebrate, the Sea Lamprey (Petromyzon marinus)","volume":"224","author":"Shaughnessy","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1048008","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2022.1048008","article-title":"Role of Glucocorticoid and Mineralocorticoid Receptors in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Skeletal Muscle: A Transcriptomic Perspective of Cortisol Action","volume":"13","author":"Aedo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2012.11.016","article-title":"The Role of \u2018Mineralocorticoids\u2019 in Teleost Fish: Relative Importance of Glucocorticoid Signaling in the Osmoregulation and \u2018Central\u2019 Actions of Mineralocorticoid Receptor","volume":"181","author":"Takahashi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-10-0371","article-title":"Implication of the Mineralocorticoid Axis in Rainbow Trout Osmoregulation during Salinity Acclimation","volume":"209","author":"Kiilerich","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2010.02.014","article-title":"Corticosteroid Regulation of Na+, K+-ATPase A1-Isoform Expression in Atlantic Salmon Gill during Smolt Development","volume":"170","author":"Kiilerich","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gen. Comp. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5139","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2006-0391","article-title":"Roles of 11\u03b2-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase in Fish Spermatogenesis","volume":"147","author":"Ozaki","year":"2006","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2011.06.002","article-title":"Corticosteroids Stimulate the Amphibious Behavior in Mudskipper: Potential Role of Mineralocorticoid Receptors in Teleost Fish","volume":"104","author":"Sakamoto","year":"2011","journal-title":"Physiol. Behav."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2013.09.006","article-title":"In Vivo Response of Some Immune and Endocrine Variables to LPS in Eurasian Perch (Perca fluviatilis, L.) and Modulation of This Response by Two Corticosteroids, Cortisol and 11-Deoxycorticosterone","volume":"167","author":"Mathieu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Part A: Mol. Integr. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1152\/physiolgenomics.00128.2016","article-title":"Gene Expression Effects of Glucocorticoid and Mineralocorticoid Receptor Agonists and Antagonists on Normal Human Skeletal Muscle","volume":"49","author":"Chadwick","year":"2017","journal-title":"Physiol. Genom."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18081","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-36681-w","article-title":"The Mineralocorticoid Receptor Is Essential for Stress Axis Regulation in Zebrafish Larvae","volume":"8","author":"Faught","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1093","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00045.2019","article-title":"Loss of the Glucocorticoid Receptor in Zebrafish Improves Muscle Glucose Availability and Increases Growth","volume":"316","author":"Faught","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-19-0358","article-title":"Glucocorticoid and Mineralocorticoid Receptor Activation Modulates Postnatal Growth","volume":"244","author":"Faught","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4927","DOI":"10.1113\/JP278088","article-title":"Postnatal Triglyceride Accumulation Is Regulated by Mineralocorticoid Receptor Activation under Basal and Stress Conditions","volume":"597","author":"Faught","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2016.00410","article-title":"MYBPC1, an Emerging Myopathic Gene: What We Know and What We Need to Learn","volume":"7","author":"Geist","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/s12929-022-00801-6","article-title":"The Role of the M-Band Myomesin Proteins in Muscle Integrity and Cardiac Disease","volume":"29","author":"Lamber","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Sci."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moradi, F., Copeland, E.N., Baranowski, R.W., Scholey, A.E., Stuart, J.A., and Fajardo, V.A. (2020). Calmodulin-Binding Proteins in Muscle: A Minireview on Nuclear Receptor Interacting Protein, Neurogranin, and Growth-Associated Protein 43. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 21.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21031016"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"942660","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.942660","article-title":"Mineralocorticoid Receptor Signaling in the Inflammatory Skeletal Muscle Microenvironments of Muscular Dystrophy and Acute Injury","volume":"13","author":"Howard","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.3803\/EnM.2021.1108","article-title":"Aldosterone Inhibits In Vitro Myogenesis by Increasing Intracellular Oxidative Stress via Mineralocorticoid Receptor","volume":"36","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1515\/hsz-2022-0263","article-title":"A Biochemical View on the Septins, a Less Known Component of the Cytoskeleton","volume":"404","author":"Grupp","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349-7006.2012.02221.x","article-title":"Identification of a Novel Role of Septin 10 in Paclitaxel-Resistance in Cancers through a Functional Genomics Screen","volume":"103","author":"Xu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cancer Sci."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"pe8","DOI":"10.1126\/scisignal.3111pe8","article-title":"Allosteric Protein Kinase Regulation by Pseudokinases: Insights from STRAD","volume":"3","author":"Rajakulendran","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sci. Signal."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gallo-Bernal, S., Kilcoyne, A., Gee, M.S., and Paul, E. (2022). Cystic Kidney Disease in Tuberous Sclerosis Complex: Current Knowledge and Unresolved Questions. Pediatr. Nephrol.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00467-022-05820-x"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2007.136796","article-title":"Identification of Glucocorticoid-Regulated Genes That Control Cell Proliferation during Murine Respiratory Development: Lung Proliferation Defects in Fetal GR-Null Mice","volume":"585","author":"Bird","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1045","DOI":"10.1007\/s13577-022-00704-6","article-title":"STK11 Overexpression Prevents Glucocorticoid-Induced Osteoporosis via Activating the AMPK\/SIRT1\/PGC1\u03b1 Axis","volume":"35","author":"Xiao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Human Cell"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1007\/s11684-015-0416-9","article-title":"Function of Slit\/Robo Signaling in Breast Cancer","volume":"9","author":"Gu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Med."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1724","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12769","article-title":"SLIT3 Promotes Myogenic Differentiation as a Novel Therapeutic Factor against Muscle Loss","volume":"12","author":"Cho","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1038\/cdd.2013.187","article-title":"Regulation of Autophagy by the Rab GTPase Network","volume":"21","author":"Ao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7080","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.26346","article-title":"Rab9-dependent Autophagy Is Required for the IGF-IIR Triggering Mitophagy to Eliminate Damaged Mitochondria","volume":"233","author":"Huang","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Cell Physiol."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e159875","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.159875","article-title":"Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists and Glucocorticoids Differentially Affect Skeletal Muscle Inflammation and Pathology in Muscular Dystrophy","volume":"7","author":"Howard","year":"2022","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R276","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00280.2020","article-title":"Mineralocorticoid Receptors in the Pathogenesis of Insulin Resistance and Related Disorders: From Basic Studies to Clinical Disease","volume":"320","author":"Jia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708431","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2021.708431","article-title":"Communication Between Autophagy and Insulin Action: At the Crux of Insulin Action-Insulin Resistance?","volume":"9","author":"Tokarz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.steroids.2014.08.016","article-title":"Effects of Aldosterone on Insulin Sensitivity and Secretion","volume":"91","author":"Luther","year":"2014","journal-title":"Steroids"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ramachandran, K., Senagolage, M.D., Sommars, M.A., Futtner, C.R., Omura, Y., Allred, A.L., and Barish, G.D. (2019). Dynamic Enhancers Control Skeletal Muscle Identity and Reprogramming. PLoS Biol., 17.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.3000467"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Judge, S.M., Wu, C.-L., Beharry, A.W., Roberts, B.M., Ferreira, L.F., Kandarian, S.C., and Judge, A.R. (2014). Genome-Wide Identification of FoxO-Dependent Gene Networks in Skeletal Muscle during C26 Cancer Cachexia. BMC Cancer, 14.","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2407-14-997"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1462","DOI":"10.1002\/wsbm.1462","article-title":"Skeletal Muscle: A Review of Molecular Structure and Function, in Health and Disease","volume":"12","author":"Mukund","year":"2020","journal-title":"WIREs Mech. Dis."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4544","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.15-276782","article-title":"Mineralocorticoid Receptors Are Present in Skeletal Muscle and Represent a Potential Therapeutic Target","volume":"29","author":"Chadwick","year":"2015","journal-title":"FASEB J."}],"container-title":["Genes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4425\/14\/2\/512\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T18:39:55Z","timestamp":1760121595000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4425\/14\/2\/512"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,17]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]}},"alternative-id":["genes14020512"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/genes14020512","relation":{},"ISSN":["2073-4425"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2073-4425"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,17]]}}}