{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T18:23:28Z","timestamp":1782411808704,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":122,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,28]],"date-time":"2023-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677542400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Genes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Antipsychotic-induced akathisia (AIA) is a movement disorder characterized by a subjective feeling of inner restlessness or nervousness with an irresistible urge to move, resulting in repetitive movements of the limbs and torso, while taking antipsychotics (APs). In recent years, there have been some associative genetic studies of the predisposition to the development of AIA. Objective: The goal of our study was to review the results of associative genetic and genome-wide studies and to systematize and update the knowledge on the genetic predictors of AIA in patients with schizophrenia (Sch). Methods: We searched full-text publications in PubMed, Web of Science, Springer, Google Scholar, and e-Library databases from 1977 to 2022. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) quality scale was used for the critical selection of the studies. Results: We identified 37 articles, of which 3 were included in the review. Thus, the C allele of rs1800498 (59414 C&gt;T) and the A allele of rs1800497 (17316 G&gt;A) (TaqIA) from the DRD2 gene as well as the TT genotype rs13212041 (77461407 C&gt;T) from the HTR1B gene were found to be associated with AIA. Conclusions: Uncovering the genetic biomarkers of AIA may provide a key to developing a strategy for the personalized prevention and treatment of this adverse neurological drug reaction of APs in patients with Sch in real clinical practice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/genes14030616","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,1]],"date-time":"2023-03-01T03:03:48Z","timestamp":1677639828000},"page":"616","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms as Biomarkers of Antipsychotic-Induced Akathisia: Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1874-9434","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Regina F.","family":"Nasyrova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Personalized Psychiatry and Neurology, V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Neurology, 192019 Saint Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena E.","family":"Vaiman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Personalized Psychiatry and Neurology, V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Neurology, 192019 Saint Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vera V.","family":"Repkina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Personalized Psychiatry and Neurology, V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Neurology, 192019 Saint Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5391-0786","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aiperi K.","family":"Khasanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Russian Medical Academy for Continual Professional Education, 125993 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Azat R.","family":"Asadullin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Addiction, Bashkir State Medical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"German A.","family":"Shipulin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgenome Technologies Center, Center for Strategic Planning of FMBA of Russia, 119121 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kuanysh S.","family":"Altynbekov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Mental Health, Almaty 050022, Kazakhstan"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Narcology, S.D. Asfendiarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty 050022, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3643-982X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mustafa","family":"Al-Zamil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy, Peoples\u2019 Friendship University of Russia, 117198 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina M.","family":"Petrova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shared Core Facilities \u201cMolecular and Cell Technologies\u201d, V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State, Medical University, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2840-837X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalia A.","family":"Shnayder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Personalized Psychiatry and Neurology, V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Neurology, 192019 Saint Petersburg, Russia"},{"name":"Shared Core Facilities \u201cMolecular and Cell Technologies\u201d, V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State, Medical University, 660022 Krasnoyarsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.181.6.537-a","article-title":"Ladislav Haskovec and akathisia: 100th anniversary","volume":"181","author":"Mohr","year":"2002","journal-title":"Br. J. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbq042","article-title":"Second-generation antipsychotic drugs and extrapyramidal side effects: A systematic review and meta-analysis of head-to-head comparisons","volume":"38","author":"Komossa","year":"2012","journal-title":"Schizophr. 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