{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T17:31:48Z","timestamp":1792171908514,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,23]],"date-time":"2023-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687478400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital","award":["KMTTH-108-056"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KMTTH-108-056"]}]},{"name":"Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital","award":["KMTTH-110-056"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KMTTH-110-056"]}]},{"name":"Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital","award":["KMTTH-111-041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KMTTH-111-041"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Genes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Pattern hair loss can occur in both men and women, and the underlying molecular mechanisms have been continuously studied in recent years. Male androgenetic alopecia (M-AGA), also termed male pattern hair loss, is the most common type of hair loss in men. M-AGA is considered an androgen-dependent trait with a background of genetic predisposition. The interplay between genetic and non-genetic factors leads to the phenotype of follicular miniaturization. Although this similar pattern of phenotypic miniaturization can also be found in female pattern hair loss (FPHL), the corresponding genetic factors in M-AGA do not account for the phenotype in FPHL, indicating that there are different genes contributing to FPHL. Therefore, the role of genetic factors in FPHL is still uncertain. Understanding the genetic mechanism that causes FPHL is crucial for the future development of personalized treatment strategies. This review aims to highlight the differences in the ethnic prevalence and genetic background of FPHL, as well as the current genetic research progress in nutrition, Wnt signaling, and sex hormones related to FPHL.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/genes14071326","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,26]],"date-time":"2023-06-26T02:05:02Z","timestamp":1687745102000},"page":"1326","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Female Pattern Hair Loss: An Overview with Focus on the Genetics"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-1046-0959","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chih-Yi","family":"Ho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Post Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeff Yi-Fu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1034-4977","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wen-Li","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 801, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2955-458X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sebastian","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 801, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei-Chiao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 801, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Szu-Hao","family":"Chiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 801, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui-Ru","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 801, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheng-Yao","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 801, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3645-5117","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ching-Ying","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 801, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Cosmetic Science, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"e14055","article-title":"Female pattern hair loss: A comprehensive review","volume":"33","author":"Bertoli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-017-1280-y","article-title":"Androgenetic alopecia: A review","volume":"57","author":"Lolli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1977.tb15179.x","article-title":"Classification of the types of androgenetic alopecia (common baldness) occurring in the female sex","volume":"97","author":"Ludwig","year":"1977","journal-title":"Br. 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