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The papain-like cysteine proteases (PLCPs) participate in multi-stress responses in plants. We previously demonstrated that salt and osmotic stress affect cysteine protease 15 of pepper (Capsicum\u00a0annuum L.) (CaCP15); however, the role of CaCP15 in salt and osmotic stress responses is unknown. Here, the function of CaCP15 in regulating pepper salt and osmotic stress resistance was explored. Pepper plants were subjected to abiotic (sodium chloride, mannitol, salicylic acid, ethrel, methyl jasmonate, etc.) and biotic stress (Phytophthora\u00a0capsici inoculation). The CaCP15 was silenced through the virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) and transiently overexpressed in pepper plants. The full-length CaCP15 fragment is 1568 bp, with an open reading frame of 1032 bp, encoding a 343 amino acid protein. CaCP15 is a senescence-associated gene 12 (SAG12) subfamily member containing two highly conserved domains, Inhibitor 129 and Peptidase_C1. CaCP15 expression was the highest in the stems of pepper plants. The expression was induced by salicylic acid, ethrel, methyl jasmonate, and was infected by Phytophthora\u00a0capsici inoculation. Furthermore, CaCP15 was upregulated under salt and osmotic stress, and CaCP15 silencing in pepper enhanced salt and mannitol stress resistance. Conversely, transient overexpression of CaCP15 increased the sensitivity to salt and osmotic stress by reducing the antioxidant enzyme activities and negatively regulating the stress-related genes. This study indicates that CaCP15 negatively regulates salt and osmotic stress resistance in pepper via the ROS-scavenging.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/genes14071409","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,10]],"date-time":"2023-07-10T00:45:37Z","timestamp":1688949937000},"page":"1409","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["CaCP15 Gene Negatively Regulates Salt and Osmotic Stress Responses in Capsicum\u00a0annuum L"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0273-4553","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luyao","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China"},{"name":"Cash Crops Research Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sizhen","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chunlin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qingjie","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiqing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanxu","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cash Crops Research Institute, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huaijuan","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Horticulture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.1007\/s00299-011-1068-0","article-title":"Plant tolerance to drought and salinity: Stress regulating transcription factors and their functional significance in the cellular transcriptional network","volume":"30","author":"Golldack","year":"2011","journal-title":"Plant Cell Rep."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"581","article-title":"Secondary salinization of greenhouse soil and its effects on soil properties","volume":"37","author":"Yu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Soils"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-7652.2007.00239.x","article-title":"Emerging trends in the functional genomics of the abiotic stress response in crop plants: Review Article","volume":"5","author":"Vij","year":"2007","journal-title":"Plant Biotechnol. 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