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The feather follicle originates from the interaction between the epidermis and dermis in the early embryonic stage. Feather follicle morphogenesis is regulated by the Wnt, ectodysplasin (Eda), epidermal growth factor (EGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), sonic hedgehog (Shh), Notch, and other signaling pathways that exist in epithelial and mesenchymal cells. The Wnt pathway is essential for feather follicle and feather morphogenesis. Eda interacts with Wnt to induce FGF expression, which attracts mesenchymal cell movement and aggregates to form feather follicle primordia. BMP acts as an inhibitor of the above signaling pathways to limit the size of the feather tract and distance between neighboring feather primordia in a dose-dependent manner. The Notch\/Delta pathway can interact with the FGF pathway to promote feather bud formation. While not a part of the early morphogenesis of feather follicles, Shh and BMP signaling are involved in late feather branching. This review summarizes the roles of miRNAs\/lncRNA in the regulation of feather follicle and feather growth and development and suggests topics that need to be solved in a future study. This review focuses on the regulatory mechanisms involved in feather follicle morphogenesis and analyzes the impact of SNP sites on feather follicle traits in poultry. This work may help us to understand the molecular regulatory networks influencing feather follicle growth and provide basic data for poultry carcass quality.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/genes14081646","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,18]],"date-time":"2023-08-18T09:13:44Z","timestamp":1692350024000},"page":"1646","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Molecular Regulatory Mechanisms in Chicken Feather Follicle Morphogenesis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Gaige","family":"Ji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Poultry Genetics and Breeding of Jiangsu Province, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Institute of Poultry Science, Yangzhou 225125, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Poultry Genetics and Breeding of Jiangsu Province, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Institute of Poultry Science, Yangzhou 225125, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunjie","family":"Tu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Poultry Genetics and Breeding of Jiangsu Province, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Institute of Poultry Science, Yangzhou 225125, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9292-0960","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yifan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Poultry Genetics and Breeding of Jiangsu Province, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Institute of Poultry Science, Yangzhou 225125, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanju","family":"Shan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Poultry Genetics and Breeding of Jiangsu Province, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Institute of Poultry Science, Yangzhou 225125, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaojun","family":"Ju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Poultry Genetics and Breeding of Jiangsu Province, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Institute of Poultry Science, Yangzhou 225125, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianmin","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Poultry Genetics and Breeding of Jiangsu Province, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Institute of Poultry Science, Yangzhou 225125, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingting","family":"Shu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Poultry Genetics and Breeding of Jiangsu Province, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Institute of Poultry Science, Yangzhou 225125, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhongwei","family":"Sheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Poultry Genetics and Breeding of Jiangsu Province, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Institute of Poultry Science, Yangzhou 225125, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7623-399X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hua","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528231, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"USDA (2023). 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