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In this experiment, 2241 sheep from the Suhu meat sheep population were tested for FecB using capillary electrophoresis. We combined the lambing records of 473 ewes, the growth trait records of 881 sheep at both the birth and weaning (2-month-old) stages, and the complete genealogical records of 643 lambs to analysis the distribution of FecB in the Suhu meat sheep breeding population, its effect on litter size of ewes, growth and development of lambs, and the inheritance patterns of FecB. The results showed that there were three genotypes of FecB in the Suhu meat sheep population, namely the AA genotype, AG genotype, and GG genotype. FecB in this population has a moderate polymorphism (0.25 &lt; PIC &lt; 0.5), and deviates from Hardy\u2013Weinberg disequilibrium (p &lt; 0.05). The litter size of GG genotype ewes was significantly higher than that with the AG and AA genotypes (p &lt; 0.01). A Chi-square test showed that the inheritance patterns of FecB follows Mendel\u2019s Laws of Inheritance (p &gt; 0.05). An association analysis of different genotypes of FecB with body weight and body size of Suhu meat sheep at birth and weaning revealed that FecB adversely affects the early growth and development of Suhu meat sheep. In summary, FecB can improve the litter size of ewes but it has negative effects on the early growth and survival rate of lambs in sheep. Therefore, FecB test results and feeding management measures should be comprehensively applied to improve the reproductive performance of ewes, the survival rate and production performance of lambs in sheep production, and thus improve the economic benefits of sheep farms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/genes15030260","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,20]],"date-time":"2024-02-20T04:04:14Z","timestamp":1708401854000},"page":"260","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["FecB Was Associated with Litter Size and Follows Mendel\u2019s Laws of Inheritance When It Transited to Next Generation in Suhu Meat Sheep Breeding Population"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Pengwei","family":"Su","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, 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