{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:43:59Z","timestamp":1787028239092,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]],"date-time":"2024-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709769600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Genes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Noonan syndrome is a group of diseases with a similar clinical picture, consisting of 16 diseases caused by mutations in 15 genes. According to the literature, approximately half of all cases are attributed to Noonan syndrome type 1, NSML, caused by mutations in the PTPN11 gene. We analyzed 456 unrelated probands using a gene panel NGS, and in 206 cases, the cause of the disease was identified. Approximately half of the cases (107) were caused by variants in the PTPN11 gene, including three previously undescribed variants, one of which was classified as VOUS, and the other two as LP causative complex alleles. Frequent variants of the PTPN11 gene characteristics for Russian patients were identified, accounting for more than 38% (c.922A&gt;G p.Asn308Asp, c.417G&gt;C p.Glu139Asp, c.1403C&gt;T p.Thr468Met) of all cases with mutations in the PTPN11 gene. A comparative characterization of frequent variants of the PTPN11 gene in different populations is shown. The most common features of Noonan syndrome in the studied sample were facial dysmorphisms and cardiovascular system abnormalities. A lower representation of patients with growth delay was observed compared to previously described samples.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/genes15030345","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]],"date-time":"2024-03-07T11:33:06Z","timestamp":1709811186000},"page":"345","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Spectrum of Mutations in PTPN11 in Russian Cohort"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8831-1844","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Orlova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"SRC \u00abGenome\u00bb, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daria","family":"Guseva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Counselling Unit, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nina","family":"Demina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Counselling Unit, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aleksander","family":"Polyakov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DNA-Diagnostics Laboratory, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1285-9093","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oksana","family":"Ryzhkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SRC \u00abGenome\u00bb, Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1641","article-title":"Germline Mutations in HRAS Proto-Oncogene Cause Costello Syndrome","volume":"37","author":"Aoki","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat. 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