{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T22:25:57Z","timestamp":1790375157748,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":388,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,14]],"date-time":"2024-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734134400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Genes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Aging is a natural physiological process involving biological and genetic pathways. Growing evidence suggests that alterations in the epigenome during aging result in transcriptional changes, which play a significant role in the onset of age-related diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders. For this reason, the epigenetic alterations in aging and age-related diseases have been reviewed, and the major extrinsic factors influencing these epigenetic alterations have been identified. In addition, the role of the gut microbiome and its metabolites as epigenetic modifiers has been addressed. Results: Long-term exposure to extrinsic factors such as air pollution, diet, drug use, environmental chemicals, microbial infections, physical activity, radiation, and stress provoke epigenetic changes in the host through several endocrine and immune pathways, potentially accelerating the aging process. Diverse studies have reported that the gut microbiome plays a critical role in regulating brain cell functions through DNA methylation and histone modifications. The interaction between genes and the gut microbiome serves as a source of adaptive variation, contributing to phenotypic plasticity. However, the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways driving this process are still not fully understood. Conclusions: Extrinsic factors are potential inducers of epigenetic alterations, which may have important implications for longevity. The gut microbiome serves as an epigenetic effector influencing host gene expression through histone and DNA modifications, while bidirectional interactions with the host and the underexplored roles of microbial metabolites and non-bacterial microorganisms such as fungi and viruses highlight the need for further research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/genes15121599","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,16]],"date-time":"2024-12-16T06:48:39Z","timestamp":1734331719000},"page":"1599","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Epigenetic Mechanisms in Aging: Extrinsic Factors and Gut Microbiome"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4699-3031","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alejandro","family":"Borrego-Ruiz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Psicolog\u00eda Social y de las Organizaciones, Universidad Nacional de Educaci\u00f3n a Distancia (UNED), 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2174-0652","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan J.","family":"Borrego","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Microbiolog\u00eda, Universidad de M\u00e1laga, 29071 M\u00e1laga, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-022-01251-0","article-title":"Aging and aging-related diseases: From molecular mechanisms to interventions and treatments","volume":"7","author":"Guo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2017.12.015","article-title":"Aging, inflammation and the environment","volume":"105","author":"Bektas","year":"2018","journal-title":"Exp. Gerontol."},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"72","article-title":"Modern biological theories of aging","volume":"1","author":"Jin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Aging Dis."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e18239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e18239","article-title":"Intrinsic and environmental basis of aging: A narrative review","volume":"9","author":"Navarro","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.36150\/2499-6564-420","article-title":"How does the environment affect human ageing? An interdisciplinary review","volume":"69","author":"Plagg","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. Geriatr."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-022-01211-8","article-title":"Epigenetic regulation of aging: Implications for interventions of aging and diseases","volume":"7","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2023.05.036","article-title":"How epigenetics impacts on human diseases","volume":"114","author":"Farsetti","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. J. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lin, X., Han, H., Wang, N., Wang, C., Qi, M., Wang, J., and Liu, G. (2024). The gut microbial regulation of epigenetic modification from a metabolic perspective. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25137175"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-019-01430-0","article-title":"Epigenetics of aging and disease: A brief overview","volume":"33","author":"Pagiatakis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aging Clin. Exp. Res."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1618","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-021-03334-w","article-title":"Epigenetic modulation in Parkinson\u2019s disease and potential treatment therapies","volume":"46","author":"Rathore","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurochem. Res."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Villa, C., and Combi, R. (2024). Epigenetics in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: A critical overview. Int. J. Mol. Scie., 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25115970"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1038\/s41420-024-01803-z","article-title":"Cancer epigenetics: From laboratory studies and clinical trials to precision medicine","volume":"10","author":"Yu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Death Discov."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1126\/science.293.5532.1103","article-title":"Genes, genetics, and epigenetics: A correspondence","volume":"293","author":"Wu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"612","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1191078","article-title":"Molecular signals of epigenetic states","volume":"330","author":"Bonasio","year":"2010","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2015.05.002","article-title":"The epigenetics of aging and neurodegeneration","volume":"131","author":"Lardenoije","year":"2015","journal-title":"Prog. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"221","article-title":"Expanding role of epigenetics in human health and disease","volume":"9","author":"Chakrabarti","year":"2024","journal-title":"Explor. Res. Hypothesis Med."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2017.00249","article-title":"DNA methylation of synaptic genes in the prefrontal cortex is associated with aging and age-related cognitive impairment","volume":"9","author":"Ianov","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1664","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.14385.1","article-title":"What is the hologenome concept of evolution?","volume":"7","author":"Morris","year":"2018","journal-title":"F1000Research"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-018-0457-9","article-title":"The hologenome concept of evolution after 10 years","volume":"6","author":"Rosenberg","year":"2018","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1111\/gbb.12109","article-title":"Microbial genes, brain & behaviour-epigenetic regulation of the gut-brain axis","volume":"13","author":"Stilling","year":"2014","journal-title":"Genes Brain Behav."},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"e0074721","article-title":"Bacterial epigenomics: Coming of age","volume":"6","author":"Oliveira","year":"2021","journal-title":"mSystems"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pepke, M.L., Hansen, S.B., and Limborg, M.T. (2024). Unraveling host regulation of gut microbiota through the epigenome-microbiome axis. Trends Microbiol., Advance online publication.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2024.05.006"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2015.12.005","article-title":"The host shapes the gut microbiota via fecal microRNA","volume":"19","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2020.04.008","article-title":"Epigenetics: A new frontier in probiotic research","volume":"29","author":"Morovic","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trends Mmicrobiol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2016.05.005","article-title":"How our other genome controls our epi-genome","volume":"24","author":"Celluzzi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0266698","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0266698","article-title":"Intrinsic and extrinsic factors influence on an omnivore\u2019s gut microbiome","volume":"17","author":"Trujillo","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2020.00171","article-title":"DNA methylation biomarkers in aging and age-related diseases","volume":"11","author":"Salameh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Genet."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1372518","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1372518","article-title":"The effect of epigenetic aging on neurodegenerative diseases: A Mendelian randomization study","volume":"15","author":"Fan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1515\/bmc-2014-0038","article-title":"Longevity: Epigenetic and biomolecular aspects","volume":"6","author":"Taormina","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomol. Concepts"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01333-7","article-title":"Epigenetic regulation in metabolic diseases: Mechanisms and advances in clinical study","volume":"8","author":"Wu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3272","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-37895-8","article-title":"Lifelong physical activity is associated with promoter hypomethylation of genes involved in metabolism, myogenesis, contractile properties and oxidative stress resistance in aged human skeletal muscle","volume":"9","author":"Sailani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1038\/s41576-018-0004-3","article-title":"DNA methylation-based biomarkers and the epigenetic clock theory of ageing","volume":"19","author":"Horvath","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Genet."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.101414","article-title":"An epigenetic biomarker of aging for lifespan and healthspan","volume":"10","author":"Levine","year":"2018","journal-title":"Aging"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glaa286","article-title":"GrimAge outperforms other epigenetic clocks in the prediction of age-related clinical phenotypes and all-cause mortality","volume":"76","author":"McCrory","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. A Biol. Scie. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1038\/s43587-021-00134-3","article-title":"Profiling epigenetic age in single cells","volume":"1","author":"Trapp","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Aging"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1600584","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.1600584","article-title":"Epigenetics and aging","volume":"2","author":"Pal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maity, S., Farrell, K., Navabpour, S., Narayanan, S.N., and Jarome, T.J. (2021). Epigenetic mechanisms in memory and cognitive decline associated with aging and Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222212280"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.1002\/hipo.22583","article-title":"Age-related changes in Egr1 transcription and DNA methylation within the hippocampus","volume":"26","author":"Penner","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hippocampus"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-019-0375-9","article-title":"Adult hippocampal neurogenesis is abundant in neurologically healthy subjects and drops sharply in patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"25","author":"Cafini","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102067","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2023.102067","article-title":"Neuroepigenetics of ageing and neurodegeneration-associated dementia: An updated review","volume":"91","author":"Mir","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ageing Res. Rev."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2018.00640","article-title":"Epigenetics of modified DNA bases: 5-Methylcytosine and beyond","volume":"9","author":"Kumar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Genet."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2012.112","article-title":"DNA methylation and its basic function","volume":"38","author":"Moore","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mahmoud, A.M., and Ali, M.M. (2019). Methyl donor micronutrients that modify DNA methylation and cancer outcome. Nutrients, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11030608"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zeisel, S. (2017). Choline, other methyl-donors and epigenetics. Nutrients, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9050445"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"a019133","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a019133","article-title":"DNA methylation in mammals","volume":"6","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.21-03-00788.2001","article-title":"DNA hypomethylation perturbs the function and survival of CNS neurons in postnatal animals","volume":"21","author":"Fan","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2875","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddp222","article-title":"DNA hypomethylation restricted to the murine forebrain induces cortical degeneration and impairs postnatal neuronal maturation","volume":"18","author":"Hutnick","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genetics"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2666","article-title":"DNA methylation and memory formation","volume":"13","author":"Day","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1101\/lm.042739.116","article-title":"DNA methylation: A permissive mark in memory formation and maintenance","volume":"23","author":"Oliveira","year":"2016","journal-title":"Learn. Mem."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2019.12.022","article-title":"Memory and neuromodulation: A perspective of DNA methylation","volume":"111","author":"Poon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e19958","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0019958","article-title":"Epigenetic alterations are critical for fear memory consolidation and synaptic plasticity in the lateral amygdala","volume":"6","author":"Monsey","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"ref_52","first-page":"4783836","article-title":"Inhibition of DNA methylation impairs synaptic plasticity during an early time window in rats","volume":"2016","author":"Estay","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neural Plast."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kaur, G., Rathod, S.S.S., Ghoneim, M.M., Alshehri, S., Ahmad, J., Mishra, A., and Alhakamy, N.A. (2022). DNA methylation: A promising approach in management of Alzheimer\u2019s disease and other neurodegenerative disorders. Biology, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/biology11010090"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.5483\/BMBRep.2019.52.10.215","article-title":"A concise review of human brain methylome during aging and neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"52","author":"Prasad","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMB Rep."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3199","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-16989-w","article-title":"Identification of distinct loci for de novo DNA methylation by DNMT3A and DNMT3B during mammalian development","volume":"11","author":"Yagi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-017-0002-y","article-title":"TET proteins safeguard bivalent promoters from de novo methylation in human embryonic stem cells","volume":"50","author":"Verma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.044362","article-title":"Genetic interleukin 6 signaling deficiency attenuates cardiovascular risk in clonal hematopoiesis","volume":"141","author":"Bick","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2945","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-11031-0","article-title":"Neuroepigenetic signatures of age and sex in the living human brain","volume":"10","author":"Gilbert","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639428","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2021.639428","article-title":"A meta-analysis of brain DNA methylation across sex, age, and Alzheimer\u2019s disease points for accelerated epigenetic aging in neurodegeneration","volume":"13","author":"Pellegrini","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2365","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.393106","article-title":"Unveiling DNA methylation in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: A review of array-based human brain studies","volume":"19","author":"Alves","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neural Regen. Res."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"dvx008","DOI":"10.1093\/eep\/dvx008","article-title":"DNA methylation alterations in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"3","author":"Yokoyama","year":"2017","journal-title":"Environ. Epigenetics"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1080\/15592294.2020.1722917","article-title":"CpG and non-CpG presenilin1 methylation pattern in course of neurodevelopment and neurodegeneration is associated with gene expression in human and murine brain","volume":"15","author":"Monti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Epigenetics"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e132","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2012.55","article-title":"Epigenetic modifications in frontal cortex from Alzheimer\u2019s disease and bipolar disorder patients","volume":"2","author":"Rao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5620","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-33394-7","article-title":"DNA methylation signatures of Alzheimer\u2019s disease neuropathology in the cortex are primarily driven by variation in non-neuronal cell-types","volume":"13","author":"Shireby","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1186\/s13148-019-0755-5","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease-associated (hydroxy)methylomic changes in the brain and blood","volume":"11","author":"Lardenoije","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Epigenetics"},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2021","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-21917-7","article-title":"Evolution of DNA methylation in the human brain","volume":"12","author":"Jeong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764761","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2021.764761","article-title":"Rett syndrome and Fragile X syndrome: Different etiology with common molecular dysfunctions","volume":"15","author":"Bach","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-013-0227-0","article-title":"Epigenetics, autism spectrum, and neurodevelopmental disorders","volume":"10","author":"Rangasamy","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.23247","article-title":"Epilepsy and astrocyte energy metabolism","volume":"66","author":"Boison","year":"2018","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1007\/s40142-020-00190-y","article-title":"Exploring beyond the DNA sequence: A review of epigenomic studies of DNA and histone modifications in dementia","volume":"8","author":"MacBean","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Genet. Med. Rep."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921375","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.921375","article-title":"3D genome organization as an epigenetic determinant of transcription regulation in T cells","volume":"13","author":"Papadogkonas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2019.04.006","article-title":"The chromatin landscape of neuronal plasticity","volume":"59","author":"Herre","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1363","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkn1071","article-title":"Chromatin remodeling finds its place in the DNA double-strand break response","volume":"37","author":"Pandita","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3427","article-title":"Histone acetylation: Molecular mnemonics on the chromatin","volume":"14","author":"Tsai","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2012.86","article-title":"The role of histone acetylation in memory formation and cognitive impairments","volume":"38","author":"Peixoto","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Santana, D.A., Smith, M.A.C., and Chen, E.S. (2023). Histone modifications in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Genes, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/genes14020347"},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1615\/CritRevOncog.2015012997","article-title":"Histone deacetylases and mechanisms of regulation of gene expression","volume":"20","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Oncog."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-022-01078-9","article-title":"The role of histone modifications: From neurodevelopment to neurodiseases","volume":"7","author":"Park","year":"2022","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-013-0204-7","article-title":"Acetyltransferases (HATs) as targets for neurological therapeutics","volume":"10","author":"Schneider","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurotherapeutics"},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"a018713","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a018713","article-title":"Erasers of histone acetylation: The histone deacetylase enzymes","volume":"6","author":"Seto","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.00537","article-title":"Histone deacetylases inhibitors in neurodegenerative diseases, neuroprotection and neuronal differentiation","volume":"11","author":"Shukla","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.2217\/epi-2022-0096","article-title":"The role of H3K9 acetylation and gene expression in different brain regions of Alzheimer\u2019s disease patients","volume":"14","author":"Santana","year":"2022","journal-title":"Epigenomics"},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2017.00162","article-title":"Age-related gene expression in the frontal cortex suggests synaptic function changes in specific inhibitory neuron subtypes","volume":"9","author":"French","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Basavarajappa, B.S., and Subbanna, S. (2021). Histone methylation regulation in neurodegenerative disorders. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22094654"},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-170664","article-title":"Understanding epigenetics in the neurodegeneration of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease: SAMP8 mouse model","volume":"62","author":"Corpas","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1186\/s12014-015-9098-1","article-title":"Histone post-translational modifications in frontal cortex from human donors with Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"12","author":"Anderson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Proteom."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg3173","article-title":"Histone methylation: A dynamic mark in health, disease and inheritance","volume":"13","author":"Greer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Genet."},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fob.2015.06.009","article-title":"Histone H3 Ser57 and Thr58 phosphorylation in the brain of 5XFAD mice","volume":"5","author":"Anderson","year":"2015","journal-title":"FEBS Open Bio"},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103542","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcn.2020.103542","article-title":"The ubiquitin ligase UBE4B regulates amyloid precursor protein ubiquitination, endosomal trafficking, and amyloid \u03b242 generation and secretion","volume":"108","author":"Reyes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624914","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2021.624914","article-title":"The regulation and function of histone crotonylation","volume":"9","author":"Ntorla","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1097\/CM9.0000000000001945","article-title":"Histone crotonylation in neurobiology: To be or not to be?","volume":"135","author":"Deng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chin. Med. J."},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2017.00138","article-title":"Epigenetic regulation of cellular senescence and aging","volume":"8","author":"Sidler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Genet."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1059492","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2023.1059492","article-title":"3D genome-selected microRNAs to improve Alzheimer\u2019s disease prediction","volume":"14","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2014.04.003","article-title":"RNA epigenetics","volume":"165","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Transl. Res."},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Willbanks, A., Wood, S., and Cheng, J.X. (2021). RNA epigenetics: Fine-tuning chromatin plasticity and transcriptional regulation, and the implications in human diseases. Genes, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/genes12050627"},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chatterjee, B., Shen, C.J., and Majumder, P. (2021). RNA modifications and RNA metabolism in neurological disease pathogenesis. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222111870"},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gharipour, M., Mani, A., Amini Baghbahadorani, M., de Souza Cardoso, C.K., Jahanfar, S., Sarrafzadegan, N., de Oliveira, C., and Silveira, E.A. (2021). How are epigenetic modifications related to cardiovascular disease in older adults?. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22189949"},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.028613","article-title":"RNA metabolism in neurodegenerative disease","volume":"10","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dis. Models Mech."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lossi, L., Castagna, C., and Merighi, A. (2024). An overview of the epigenetic modifications in the brain under normal and pathological conditions. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25073881"},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1080\/15476286.2020.1809186","article-title":"RNA-binding proteins in neurological development and disease","volume":"18","author":"Prashad","year":"2021","journal-title":"RNA Biol."},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1533","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2023.01.005","article-title":"RNA editing: Expanding the potential of RNA therapeutics","volume":"31","author":"Booth","year":"2023","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-023-01709-8","article-title":"Shoot the messenger: RNA editing is here","volume":"41","author":"Sheridan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcdb.2020.09.005","article-title":"Implications of mRNA translation dysregulation for neurological disorders","volume":"114","author":"Jishi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Semin. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kobayashi, A., Kitagawa, Y., Nasser, A., Wakimoto, H., Yamada, K., and Tanaka, S. (2024). Emerging roles and mechanisms of RNA modifications in neurodegenerative diseases and glioma. Cells, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13050457"},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Weng, Y.T., Chang, Y.M., and Chern, Y. (2023). The impact of dysregulated microRNA biogenesis machinery and microRNA sorting on neurodegenerative diseases. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24043443"},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aliperti, V., Skonieczna, J., and Cerase, A. (2021). Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) roles in cell biology, neurodevelopment and neurological disorders. Non-Coding RNA, 7.","DOI":"10.3390\/ncrna7020036"},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.00665","article-title":"MicroRNAs in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Diagnostic markers or therapeutic agents?","volume":"10","author":"Angelucci","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1308274","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2023.1308274","article-title":"The role of non-coding RNAs in muscle aging: Regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic potential","volume":"10","author":"Shin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Biosci."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2018.00402","article-title":"Overview of microRNA biogenesis, mechanisms of actions, and circulation","volume":"9","author":"Hayder","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2017.03.004","article-title":"Linking deregulation of non-coding RNA to the core pathophysiology of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: An integrative review","volume":"156","author":"Millan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Prog. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, L., Shui, X., Diao, Y., Chen, D., Zhou, Y., and Lee, T.H. (2023). Potential implications of miRNAs in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapeutics of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms242216259"},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2019.01.020","article-title":"MicroRNA-146a protects against cognitive decline induced by surgical trauma by suppressing hippocampal neuroinflammation in mice","volume":"78","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2017.11.005","article-title":"Selective targeting of pro-inflammatory Th1 cells by microRNA-148a-specific antagomirs in vivo","volume":"89","author":"Maschmeyer","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Autoimmun."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2015.00430","article-title":"Evidence for a neuroprotective microRNA pathway in amnestic mild cognitive impairment","volume":"9","author":"Weinberg","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-13-1426-1_19","article-title":"Circular RNA and Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"1087","author":"Akhter","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anilkumar, A.K., Vij, P., Lopez, S., Leslie, S.M., Doxtater, K., Khan, M.M., Yallapu, M.M., Chauhan, S.C., Maestre, G.E., and Tripathi, M.K. (2024). Long non-coding RNAs: New insights in neurodegenerative diseases. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25042268"},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.3892\/br.2014.407","article-title":"Mechanism of alternative splicing and its regulation","volume":"3","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomed. Rep."},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-019-01360-x","article-title":"Alternative splicing in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"33","author":"Biamonti","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aging Clin. Exp. Res."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bowler, E., and Oltean, S. (2019). Alternative splicing in angiogenesis. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20092067"},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-013-1411-2","article-title":"Regulation of alternative splicing of tau exon 10","volume":"30","author":"Qian","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurosci. Bull."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1002\/bies.20692","article-title":"Alternative splicing: Current perspectives","volume":"30","author":"Kim","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bioessay"},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2014.09.005","article-title":"Risk-associated coding synonymous SNPs in type 2 diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases: Genetic silence and the underrated association with splicing regulation and epigenetics","volume":"770","author":"Karambataki","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mutat. Res."},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csbj.2023.01.022","article-title":"Cross interactions between apolipoprotein E and amyloid proteins in neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"21","author":"Loch","year":"2023","journal-title":"Comput. Struct. Biotechnol. J."},{"key":"ref_124","first-page":"6","article-title":"Alternative splicing in Alzheimer\u2019s Disease","volume":"2","author":"Love","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Park. Dis. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2011.08.017","article-title":"Mechanisms and consequences of alternative polyadenylation","volume":"43","author":"Nishida","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-021-01852-7","article-title":"Alternative polyadenylation: Methods, mechanism, function, and role in cancer","volume":"40","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Exp. Clin. Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-36311-8","article-title":"Alternative polyadenylation transcriptome-wide association study identifies APA-linked susceptibility genes in brain disorders","volume":"14","author":"Cui","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-023-00717-6","article-title":"Alternative splicing in neurodegenerative disease and the promise of RNA therapies","volume":"24","author":"Nikom","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1186\/s12920-019-0509-4","article-title":"Alternative cleavage and polyadenylation of genes associated with protein turnover and mitochondrial function are deregulated in Parkinson\u2019s, Alzheimer\u2019s and ALS disease","volume":"12","author":"Patel","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Med. Genomics"},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2013.05.039","article-title":"The hallmarks of aging","volume":"153","author":"Blasco","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-biochem-062917-012239","article-title":"Nuclear genomic instability and aging","volume":"87","author":"Niedernhofer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10522-018-9769-1","article-title":"Telomere and its role in the aging pathways: Telomere shortening, cell senescence and mitochondria dysfunction","volume":"20","author":"Zhu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biogerontology"},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929708","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2022.929708","article-title":"Mitochondrial epigenetics regulating inflammation in cancer and aging","volume":"10","author":"Chatterjee","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.07.031","article-title":"Metabolic control of longevity","volume":"166","author":"Galluzzi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e158447","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI158447","article-title":"Mitochondrial dysfunction in cell senescence and aging","volume":"132","author":"Miwa","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Clinical Investig."},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"594416","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2020.594416","article-title":"Integrating the hallmarks of aging throughout the tree of life: A focus on mitochondrial dysfunction","volume":"8","author":"Molenaars","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"ref_137","first-page":"56","article-title":"Revisiting the hallmarks of aging to identify markers of biological age","volume":"7","author":"Guerville","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Prev. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2024.01.003","article-title":"Metabolic regulation of the hallmarks of stem cell biology","volume":"31","author":"Jackson","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2022.11.001","article-title":"Hallmarks of aging: An expanding universe","volume":"186","author":"Blasco","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2023.02.014","article-title":"Gut microbiota, an additional hallmark of human aging and neurodegeneration","volume":"518","author":"Molinero","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-019-0204-5","article-title":"The ageing epigenome and its rejuvenation","volume":"21","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2022.12.027","article-title":"Loss of epigenetic information as a cause of mammalian aging","volume":"186","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-020-0844-1","article-title":"Lifestyle mediates the role of nutrient-sensing pathways in cognitive aging: Cellular and epidemiological evidence","volume":"3","author":"Murphy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Commun. Biol."},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7856823","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/7856823","article-title":"The importance of physical activity exercise among older people","volume":"2018","author":"Langhammer","year":"2018","journal-title":"BioMed Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0457-8","article-title":"Facing up to the global challenges of ageing","volume":"561","author":"Partridge","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2018.03.079","article-title":"Single-cell chromatin modification profiling reveals increased epigenetic variations with aging","volume":"173","author":"Cheung","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11115","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms11115","article-title":"Genetic and environmental influences interact with age and sex in shaping the human methylome","volume":"7","author":"Nivard","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2012.10.016","article-title":"Genome-wide methylation profiles reveal quantitative views of human aging rates","volume":"49","author":"Hannum","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e158446","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI158446","article-title":"Epigenetics, DNA damage, and aging","volume":"132","author":"Niedernhofer","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2975-4","article-title":"Reprogramming to recover youthful epigenetic information and restore vision","volume":"588","author":"Lu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R115","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2013-14-10-r115","article-title":"DNA methylation age of human tissues and cell types","volume":"14","author":"Horvath","year":"2013","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.101684","article-title":"DNA methylation GrimAge strongly predicts lifespan and healthspan","volume":"11","author":"Lu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aging"},{"key":"ref_153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.101168","article-title":"Epigenetic clock analysis of diet, exercise, education, and lifestyle factors","volume":"9","author":"Quach","year":"2017","journal-title":"Aging"},{"key":"ref_154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2017.09.014","article-title":"Epigenetic toxicity of environmental chemicals upon exposure during development\u2014Bisphenol A and valproic acid may have epigenetic effects","volume":"109","author":"Igarashi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_155","first-page":"123","article-title":"Developmental lead exposure and lifespan alterations in epigenetic regulators and their correspondence to biomarkers of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"2","author":"Eid","year":"2016","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement."},{"key":"ref_156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2020.08.005","article-title":"Epigenetic influence of environmentally neurotoxic metals","volume":"81","author":"Ijomone","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"key":"ref_157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0203627","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0203627","article-title":"Age-related accumulation of toxic metals in the human locus ceruleus","volume":"13","author":"Pamphlett","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"ref_158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2629","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-016-1899-0","article-title":"Global DNA methylation profiling of manganese-exposed human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells reveals epigenetic alterations in Parkinson\u2019s disease-associated genes","volume":"91","author":"Tarale","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1007\/s40572-022-00384-2","article-title":"Genetics and epigenetics of manganese toxicity","volume":"9","author":"Lindner","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr. Environ. Health Rep."},{"key":"ref_160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0b013e3282f4f97b","article-title":"Very low lead exposures and children\u2019s neurodevelopment","volume":"20","author":"Bellinger","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2014.12.004","article-title":"Sex- and tissue-specific methylome changes in brains of mice perinatally exposed to lead","volume":"46","author":"Lindquist","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"key":"ref_162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfu028","article-title":"Lead exposure disrupts global DNA methylation in human embryonic stem cells and alters their neuronal differentiation","volume":"139","author":"Senut","year":"2014","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mad.2012.05.003","article-title":"Genome-wide expression and methylation profiling in the aged rodent brain due to early-life Pb exposure and its relevance to aging","volume":"133","author":"Dosunmu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mech. Ageing Dev."},{"key":"ref_164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, T., Zhang, J., and Xu, Y. (2020). Epigenetic basis of lead-induced neurological disorders. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17134878"},{"key":"ref_165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Culbreth, M., and Aschner, M. (2019). Methylmercury epigenetics. Toxics, 7.","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics7040056"},{"key":"ref_166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2023.05.004","article-title":"Epigenetics of methylmercury","volume":"97","author":"Lindner","year":"2023","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"key":"ref_167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2018.05.162","article-title":"Methylmercury causes epigenetic suppression of the tyrosine hydroxylase gene in an in vitro neuronal differentiation model","volume":"502","author":"Go","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204-021-02984-7","article-title":"DNA methyltransferase- and histone deacetylase-mediated epigenetic alterations induced by low-level methylmercury exposure disrupt neuronal development","volume":"95","author":"Go","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.9961","article-title":"Arsenic exposure and cognitive performance in Mexican schoolchildren","volume":"115","author":"Rosado","year":"2007","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"ref_170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e53478","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0053478","article-title":"Genome-wide alteration of histone H3K9 acetylation pattern in mouse offspring prenatally exposed to arsenic","volume":"8","author":"Cronican","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"ref_171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1007\/s40572-014-0012-1","article-title":"The effects of arsenic exposure on neurological and cognitive dysfunction in human and rodent studies: A review","volume":"1","author":"Tyler","year":"2014","journal-title":"Curr. Environ. Health Rep."},{"key":"ref_172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106614","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2024.106614","article-title":"Bisphenol A (BPA) and neurological disorders: An overview","volume":"173","author":"Hyun","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_173","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4315","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1300959110","article-title":"Bisphenol A delays the perinatal chloride shift in cortical neurons by epigenetic effects on the Kcc2 promoter","volume":"110","author":"Yeo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2011.02.005","article-title":"Epigenetic perspective on the developmental effects of bisphenol A","volume":"25","author":"Kundakovic","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"ref_175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9956","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1214056110","article-title":"Sex-specific epigenetic disruption and behavioral changes following low-dose in utero bisphenol A exposure","volume":"110","author":"Kundakovic","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1007\/s00244-022-00924-9","article-title":"Effect of early-life exposure of polystyrene microplastics on behavior and DNA methylation in later life stage of zebrafish","volume":"82","author":"Im","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nepig.2016.02.001","article-title":"Impact of prenatal polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure on behavior, cortical gene expression and DNA methylation of the Bdnf gene","volume":"5","author":"Miller","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuroepigenetics"},{"key":"ref_178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582661","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2020.582661","article-title":"Neural tube defects and ZIC4 hypomethylation in relation to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure","volume":"8","author":"Huang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"ref_179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119765","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2021.119765","article-title":"Epigenetic histone acetylation and Bdnf dysregulation in the hippocampus of rats exposed to repeated, low-dose diisopropylfluorophosphate","volume":"281","author":"Ribeiro","year":"2021","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1186\/s41021-021-00224-z","article-title":"Epigenetics in neurodegenerative disorders induced by pesticides","volume":"43","author":"Yu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Genes Environ."},{"key":"ref_181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146404","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.146404","article-title":"The insecticide permethrin induces transgenerational behavioral changes linked to transcriptomic and epigenetic alterations in zebrafish (Danio rerio)","volume":"779","author":"Blanc","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Total Environ."},{"key":"ref_182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110629","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2019.06.002","article-title":"Early impairment of epigenetic pattern in neurodegeneration: Additional mechanisms behind pyrethroid toxicity","volume":"124","author":"Bordoni","year":"2019","journal-title":"Exp. Gerontol."},{"key":"ref_183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"zqab022","DOI":"10.1093\/function\/zqab022","article-title":"Perspectives on epigenetics alterations associated with smoking and vaping","volume":"2","author":"Xie","year":"2021","journal-title":"Function"},{"key":"ref_184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1186\/s13072-019-0311-8","article-title":"The role of cigarette smoke-induced epigenetic alterations in inflammation","volume":"12","author":"Zong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Epigenetics Chromatin"},{"key":"ref_185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1186\/s13148-019-0777-z","article-title":"Effect of tobacco smoking on the epigenetic age of human respiratory organs","volume":"11","author":"Wu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Epigenetics"},{"key":"ref_186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1186\/s13148-022-01286-8","article-title":"Lifetime exposure to smoking, epigenetic aging, and morbidity and mortality in older adults","volume":"14","author":"Klopack","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Epigenet."},{"key":"ref_187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-014-0094-1","article-title":"Smoking accelerates aging of the small airway epithelium","volume":"15","author":"Walters","year":"2014","journal-title":"Respir. Res."},{"key":"ref_188","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1111\/ajad.12465","article-title":"Review: DNA methylation and alcohol use disorders: Progress and challenges","volume":"26","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Addict."},{"key":"ref_189","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2019.00713","article-title":"Alcohol in the aging brain\u2014The interplay between alcohol consumption, cognitive decline and the cardiovascular system","volume":"13","author":"Mende","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13100","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.13100","article-title":"Associations between alcohol use and accelerated biological ageing","volume":"27","author":"Vaher","year":"2022","journal-title":"Addict. Biol."},{"key":"ref_191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-019-0500-y","article-title":"Epigenetic aging is accelerated in alcohol use disorder and regulated by genetic variation in APOL2","volume":"45","author":"Luo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"ref_192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.204467","article-title":"Alcohol consumption and epigenetic age acceleration in young adults","volume":"15","author":"Nannini","year":"2023","journal-title":"Aging"},{"key":"ref_193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pharmtox-030220-022920","article-title":"Epigenetic neuropharmacology: Drugs affecting the epigenome in the brain","volume":"61","author":"Toth","year":"2021","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2024.111401","article-title":"Epigenetic effects of cannabis: A systematic scoping review of behavioral and emotional symptoms associated with cannabis use and exocannabinoid exposure","volume":"263","author":"Machado","year":"2024","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"key":"ref_195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3134","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-020-00909-x","article-title":"Cocaine-related DNA methylation in caudate neurons alters 3D chromatin structure of the IRXA gene cluster","volume":"26","author":"Vaillancourt","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2019.06.027","article-title":"Epigenetic mechanisms of opioid addiction","volume":"87","author":"Browne","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kozlenkov, A., Jaffe, A.E., Timashpolsky, A., Apontes, P., Rudchenko, S., Barbu, M., Byne, W., Hurd, Y.L., Horvath, S., and Dracheva, S. (2017). DNA methylation profiling of human prefrontal cortex neurons in heroin users shows significant difference between genomic contexts of hyper- and hypomethylation and a younger epigenetic age. Genes, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/genes8060152"},{"key":"ref_198","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.9758\/cpn.2020.18.1.93","article-title":"Age-related effects of heroin on gene expression in the hippocampus and striatum of Cynomolgus monkeys","volume":"18","author":"Choi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Psychopharmacol. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101956","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2023.101956","article-title":"Stress, diet, exercise: Common environmental factors and their impact on epigenetic age","volume":"88","author":"Galkin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ageing Res. Rev."},{"key":"ref_200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gensous, N., Franceschi, C., Santoro, A., Milazzo, M., Garagnani, P., and Bacalini, M.G. (2019). The Impact of caloric restriction on the epigenetic signatures of aging. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20082022"},{"key":"ref_201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.12513","article-title":"Short-term calorie restriction ameliorates genomewide, age-related alterations in DNA methylation","volume":"15","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"key":"ref_202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3557","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms4557","article-title":"Caloric restriction reduces age-related and all-cause mortality in rhesus monkeys","volume":"5","author":"Colman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101038","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2020.101038","article-title":"Calorie restriction for enhanced longevity: The role of novel dietary strategies in the present obesogenic environment","volume":"64","author":"Dorling","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ageing Res. Rev."},{"key":"ref_204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-00607-3","article-title":"Caloric restriction delays age-related methylation drift","volume":"8","author":"Maegawa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"D1083","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkx1042","article-title":"Human ageing genomic resources: New and updated databases","volume":"46","author":"Tacutu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"ref_206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9419","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.202913","article-title":"Potential reversal of epigenetic age using a diet and lifestyle intervention: A pilot randomized clinical trial","volume":"13","author":"Fitzgerald","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aging"},{"key":"ref_207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1038\/s43587-023-00432-y","article-title":"Effect of long-term caloric restriction on DNA methylation measures of biological aging in healthy adults from the CALERIE trial","volume":"3","author":"Waziry","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Aging"},{"key":"ref_208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.111.157222","article-title":"Alternative dietary indices both strongly predict risk of chronic disease","volume":"142","author":"Chiuve","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_209","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.168.7.713","article-title":"Adherence to a DASH-style diet and risk of coronary heart disease and stroke in women","volume":"168","author":"Fung","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.816736","article-title":"Mediterranean diet and incidence of and mortality from coronary heart disease and stroke in women","volume":"119","author":"Fung","year":"2009","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jand.2018.05.021","article-title":"Update of the healthy eating index: HEI-2015","volume":"118","author":"Pannucci","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Acad. Nutr. Diet."},{"key":"ref_212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqab307","article-title":"Healthy eating patterns and epigenetic measures of biological age","volume":"115","author":"Kresovich","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1833","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.204602","article-title":"Potential reversal of biological age in women following an 8-week methylation-supportive diet and lifestyle program: A case series","volume":"15","author":"Fitzgerald","year":"2023","journal-title":"Aging"},{"key":"ref_214","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1219","DOI":"10.1007\/s12272-017-0973-3","article-title":"Epigenetic modifications of gene expression by lifestyle and environment","volume":"40","author":"Abdul","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch. Pharm. Res."},{"key":"ref_215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arora, I., Sharma, M., Sun, L.Y., and Tollefsbol, T.O. (2020). The epigenetic link between polyphenols, aging and age-related diseases. Genes, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/genes11091094"},{"key":"ref_216","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Benameur, T., Soleti, R., Panaro, M.A., La Torre, M.E., Monda, V., Messina, G., and Porro, C. (2021). Curcumin as prospective anti-aging natural compound: Focus on brain. Molecules, 26.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26164794"},{"key":"ref_217","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fochms.2022.100155","article-title":"Dietary polyphenols and their relationship to the modulation of non-communicable chronic diseases and epigenetic mechanisms: A mini-review","volume":"6","author":"Borsoi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Chem. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mokra, D., Joskova, M., and Mokry, J. (2022). Therapeutic effects of green tea polyphenol (\u2212)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) in relation to mMolecular pathways controlling inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24010340"},{"key":"ref_219","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.12133","article-title":"The phytochemical, EGCG, extends lifespan by reducing liver and kidney function damage and improving age-associated inflammation and oxidative stress in healthy rats","volume":"12","author":"Niu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"key":"ref_220","first-page":"121","article-title":"In vitro antimicrobial activity of Douro wines against clinical Helicobacter pylori strains","volume":"19","author":"Dionisio","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nova"},{"key":"ref_221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2021.112164","article-title":"Resveratrol (RV): A pharmacological review and call for further research","volume":"143","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"ref_222","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abdolmaleky, H.M., and Zhou, J.R. (2023). Underlying mechanisms of brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases as potential targets for preventive or therapeutic strategies using phytochemicals. Nutrients, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15153456"},{"key":"ref_223","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chang, C.K., Tsai, S.Y., Tsai, M.S., Tu, A.T., Hou, C.Y., Cheng, K.C., Zhu, W.L., Mulyani, R., and Hsieh, C.W. (2024). Promoting the aging process and enhancing the production of antioxidant components of garlic through pulsed electric field treatments. Antioxidants, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox13030374"},{"key":"ref_224","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ding, Q., Xu, Y.M., and Lau, A.T.Y. (2023). The epigenetic effects of coffee. Molecules, 28.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28041770"},{"key":"ref_225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gervasi, T., Barreca, D., Lagan\u00e0, G., and Mandalari, G. (2021). Health benefits related to tree nut consumption and their bioactive compounds. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22115960"},{"key":"ref_226","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-019-00149-0","article-title":"One-year Mediterranean diet promotes epigenetic rejuvenation with country- and sex-specific effects: A pilot study from the NU-AGE project","volume":"42","author":"Gensous","year":"2020","journal-title":"Geroscience"},{"key":"ref_227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lutz, M., Moya, P.R., Gallorio, S., R\u00edos, U., and Arancibia, M. (2024). Effects of dietary fiber, phenolic compounds, and fatty acids on mental health: Possible interactions with genetic and epigenetic aspects. Nutrients, 16.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16162578"},{"key":"ref_228","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u010c\u00ed\u017e, M., Dvo\u0159\u00e1kov\u00e1, A., Sko\u010dkov\u00e1, V., and Kubala, L. (2020). The role of dietary phenolic compounds in epigenetic modulation involved in inflammatory processes. Antioxidants, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox9080691"},{"key":"ref_229","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1450","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-017-0588-3","article-title":"Genistein protects against Ox-LDL-induced inflammation through microRNA-155\/SOCS1-mediated repression of NF-\u0138B signaling pathway in HUVECs","volume":"40","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Inflammation"},{"key":"ref_230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079920","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2022.1079920","article-title":"Caloric restriction induced epigenetic effects on aging","volume":"10","author":"Zhai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"ref_231","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1144","DOI":"10.1038\/s43587-023-00462-6","article-title":"Universal DNA methylation age across mammalian tissues","volume":"3","author":"Lu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Aging"},{"key":"ref_232","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-017-1186-2","article-title":"Epigenetic aging signatures in mice livers are slowed by dwarfism, calorie restriction and rapamycin treatment","volume":"18","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"ref_233","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243958","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/243958","article-title":"Does physical activity increase life expectancy? A review of the literature","volume":"2012","author":"Reimers","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Aging Res."},{"key":"ref_234","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Plaza-Diaz, J., Izquierdo, D., Torres-Martos, \u00c1., Baig, A.T., Aguilera, C.M., and Ruiz-Ojeda, F.J. (2022). Impact of physical activity and exercise on the epigenome in skeletal muscle and effects on systemic metabolism. Biomedicines, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines10010126"},{"key":"ref_235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-017-4193-5","article-title":"Physical activity in the prevention of human diseases: Role of epigenetic modifications","volume":"18","author":"Grazioli","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"},{"key":"ref_236","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1003572","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1003572","article-title":"A six months exercise intervention influences the genome-wide DNA methylation pattern in human adipose tissue","volume":"9","author":"Volkov","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS Genet."},{"key":"ref_237","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-022-1812-x","article-title":"Effect of diet, exercise, or both on biological age and healthy aging in older adults with obesity: Secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial","volume":"26","author":"Ho","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Health Aging"},{"key":"ref_238","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1388","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyu277","article-title":"The epigenetic clock is correlated with physical and cognitive fitness in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936","volume":"44","author":"Marioni","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"ref_239","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/s13148-019-0613-5","article-title":"Leisure-time physical activity and DNA methylation age-a twin study","volume":"11","author":"Ollikainen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Epigenetics"},{"key":"ref_240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1186\/s13148-019-0754-6","article-title":"Body mass index is associated with epigenetic age acceleration in the visceral adipose tissue of subjects with severe obesity","volume":"11","author":"Tchernof","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Epigenetics"},{"key":"ref_241","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.13528","article-title":"BMI is positively associated with accelerated epigenetic aging in twin pairs discordant for body mass index","volume":"292","author":"Lundgren","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_242","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwaa251","article-title":"Associations of body composition and physical activity level with multiple measures of epigenetic age acceleration","volume":"190","author":"Kresovich","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"ref_243","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12535","article-title":"Editorial Perspective: Psychological stress and epigenetic aging\u2014What can we learn and how can we prevent?","volume":"57","author":"Zannas","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_244","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mad.2018.03.013","article-title":"The impact of oxidative DNA damage and stress on telomere homeostasis","volume":"177","author":"Barnes","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mech. Ageing Dev."},{"key":"ref_245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-015-0828-5","article-title":"Lifetime stress accelerates epigenetic aging in an urban, African American cohort: Relevance of glucocorticoid signaling","volume":"16","author":"Zannas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Genome Biol."},{"key":"ref_246","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23280","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1820842116","article-title":"Glucocorticoid exposure during hippocampal neurogenesis primes future stress response by inducing changes in DNA methylation","volume":"117","author":"Arloth","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_247","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2019.21.4\/azannas","article-title":"Epigenetics as a key link between psychosocial stress and aging: Concepts, evidence, mechanisms","volume":"21","author":"Zannas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dialogues Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_248","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7206","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.204264","article-title":"Psychological factors substantially contribute to biological aging: Evidence from the aging rate in Chinese older adults","volume":"14","author":"Galkin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aging"},{"key":"ref_249","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2014.07.011","article-title":"Longitudinal changes of telomere length and epigenetic age related to traumatic stress and post-traumatic stress disorder","volume":"51","author":"Boks","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"ref_250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.12495","article-title":"Family-centered prevention ameliorates the longitudinal association between risky family processes and epigenetic aging","volume":"57","author":"Brody","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry Allied Discip."},{"key":"ref_251","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8962","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-09235-9","article-title":"Exposure to violence accelerates epigenetic aging in children","volume":"7","author":"Jovanovic","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_252","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2017.08.016","article-title":"Epigenetic clock analysis in long-term meditators","volume":"85","author":"Chaix","year":"2017","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"ref_253","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e66128","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.66128","article-title":"High social status males experience accelerated epigenetic aging in wild baboons","volume":"10","author":"Anderson","year":"2021","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"ref_254","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104826","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2020.104826","article-title":"Higher dominance rank is associated with lower glucocorticoids in wild female baboons: A rank metric comparison","volume":"125","author":"Levy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Horm. Behav."},{"key":"ref_255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1653","DOI":"10.2217\/epi-2016-0075","article-title":"The epigenetic impacts of social stress: How does social adversity become biologically embedded?","volume":"8","author":"Cunliffe","year":"2016","journal-title":"Epigenomics"},{"key":"ref_256","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11370","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1816847116","article-title":"Epigenetic upregulation of FKBP5 by aging and stress contributes to NF-\u03baB-driven inflammation and cardiovascular risk","volume":"166","author":"Zannas","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_257","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2023.09.001","article-title":"Social relationships and epigenetic aging in older adulthood: Results from the Health and Retirement Study","volume":"114","author":"Rentscher","year":"2023","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"ref_258","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-021-01735-7","article-title":"Psychological and biological resilience modulates the effects of stress on epigenetic aging","volume":"11","author":"Harvanek","year":"2021","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_259","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2022.05.016","article-title":"Stress-induced biological aging: A review and guide for research priorities","volume":"104","author":"Polsky","year":"2022","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"ref_260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2013.06.009","article-title":"Detection and interpretation of 8-oxodG and 8-oxoGua in urine, plasma and cerebrospinal fluid","volume":"1840","author":"Poulsen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"ref_261","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2045","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.101900","article-title":"Socioeconomic position, lifestyle habits and biomarkers of epigenetic aging: A multi-cohort analysis","volume":"11","author":"Fiorito","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aging"},{"key":"ref_262","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1536","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyz027","article-title":"Shift work, DNA methylation and epigenetic age","volume":"48","author":"White","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"ref_263","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.203872","article-title":"Work-related stress and well-being in association with epigenetic age acceleration: A Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 Study","volume":"14","author":"Fiorito","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aging"},{"key":"ref_264","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.4161\/epi.27584","article-title":"Air pollution and gene-specific methylation in the Normative Aging Study: Association, effect modification, and mediation analysis","volume":"9","author":"Bind","year":"2014","journal-title":"Epigenetics"},{"key":"ref_265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1564","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0901831","article-title":"Annual ambient black carbon associated with shorter telomeres in elderly men: Veterans Affairs Normative Aging Study","volume":"118","author":"McCracken","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"ref_266","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"dvw006","DOI":"10.1093\/eep\/dvw006","article-title":"Long-term ambient particle exposures and blood DNA methylation age: Findings from the VA normative aging study","volume":"2","author":"Colicino","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Epigenet."},{"key":"ref_267","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74510","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.12903","article-title":"Long-term exposure to air pollution is associated with biological aging","volume":"7","author":"Wolf","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_268","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108270","article-title":"Air pollution and epigenetic aging among Black and White women in the US","volume":"181","author":"Koenigsberg","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ. Int."},{"key":"ref_269","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semradonc.2021.11.011","article-title":"The biological process of aging and the impact of ionizing radiation","volume":"32","author":"Brown","year":"2022","journal-title":"Semin. Radiat. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radmp.2020.01.005","article-title":"Aging and age-related health effects of ionizing radiation","volume":"1","author":"Tong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiat. Med. Prot."},{"key":"ref_271","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1333222","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1333222","article-title":"Translating genetic findings to epigenetics: Identifying the mechanisms associated with aging after high-radiation exposure on earth and in space","volume":"12","author":"Ruprecht","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front. Public Health"},{"key":"ref_272","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1186\/s13148-020-00946-x","article-title":"The epigenetic implication in coronavirus infection and therapy","volume":"12","author":"Atlante","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Epigenet."},{"key":"ref_273","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-020-00793-1","article-title":"Infection-induced epigenetic changes and their impact on the pathogenesis of diseases","volume":"42","author":"Fischer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Semin. Immunopathol."},{"key":"ref_274","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2023.106271","article-title":"Epigenetics regulation during virus-host interaction and their effects on the virus and host cell","volume":"182","author":"Rehman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Microb. Pathog."},{"key":"ref_275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-019-00778-9","article-title":"Revealing eukaryotic histone-modifying mechanisms through bacterial infection","volume":"42","author":"Dong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Semin. Immunopathol."},{"key":"ref_276","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-020-00779-z","article-title":"The clever strategies used by intracellular parasites to hijack host gene expression","volume":"42","author":"Villares","year":"2020","journal-title":"Semin. Immunopathol."},{"key":"ref_277","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2016.04.008","article-title":"Epigenetics and genetics of viral latency","volume":"19","author":"Lieberman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"ref_278","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198853","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2022.198853","article-title":"Understanding the epigenetic mechanisms in SARS CoV-2 infection and potential therapeutic approaches","volume":"318","author":"Bhat","year":"2022","journal-title":"Virus Res."},{"key":"ref_279","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2015.06.009","article-title":"Interference of viral effector proteins with chromatin, transcription, and the epigenome","volume":"26","author":"Marazzi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2014.10.004","article-title":"Adenovirus small E1A employs the lysine acetylases p300\/CBP and tumor suppressor Rb to repress select host genes and promote productive virus infection","volume":"16","author":"Ferrari","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"ref_281","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1099\/vir.0.000032","article-title":"Hepatitis C virus core protein overcomes H2O2-induced apoptosis by downregulating p14 expression via DNA methylation","volume":"96","author":"Seo","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Gen. Virol."},{"key":"ref_282","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2218763","DOI":"10.1080\/15592294.2023.2218763","article-title":"Occupational characteristics and epigenetic aging among older adults in the United States","volume":"18","author":"Andrasfay","year":"2023","journal-title":"Epigenetics"},{"key":"ref_283","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1038\/s43587-022-00306-9","article-title":"Toward an improved definition of a healthy microbiome for healthy aging","volume":"2","author":"Ghosh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Aging"},{"key":"ref_284","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Salazar, J., Dur\u00e1n, P., D\u00edaz, M.P., Chac\u00edn, M., Santeliz, R., Mengual, E., Guti\u00e9rrez, E., Le\u00f3n, X., D\u00edaz, A., and Bernal, M. (2023). Exploring the relationship between the gut microbiota and ageing: A possible age modulator. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph20105845"},{"key":"ref_285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-9-123","article-title":"The Firmicutes\/Bacteroidetes ratio of the human microbiota changes with age","volume":"9","author":"Mariat","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_286","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ratto, D., Roda, E., Romeo, M., Venuti, M.T., Desiderio, A., Lupo, G., Capelli, E., Sandionigi, A., and Rossi, P. (2022). The many ages of microbiome-gut-brain axis. Nutrients, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14142937"},{"key":"ref_287","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4178607","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/4178607","article-title":"Gut microbial changes, interactions, and their implications on human lifecycle: An ageing perspective","volume":"2018","author":"Vemuri","year":"2018","journal-title":"BioMed Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_288","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2407","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.335837","article-title":"The influence of gut microbiota alteration on age-related neuroinflammation and cognitive decline","volume":"17","author":"Alsegiani","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neural Regen. Res."},{"key":"ref_289","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104403","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2019.104403","article-title":"Transplantation of fecal microbiota rich in short chain fatty acids and butyric acid treat cerebral ischemic stroke by regulating gut microbiota","volume":"148","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Res."},{"key":"ref_290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1252","DOI":"10.14336\/AD.2021.1215","article-title":"Mechanisms of short-chain fatty acids derived from gut microbiota in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"13","author":"Qian","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aging Dis."},{"key":"ref_291","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112497","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2024.112497","article-title":"Influence of human gut microbiome on the healthy and the neurodegenerative aging","volume":"194","author":"Borrego","year":"2024","journal-title":"Exp. Gerontol."},{"key":"ref_292","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Badal, V.D., Vaccariello, E.D., Murray, E.R., Yu, K.E., Knight, R., Jeste, D.V., and Nguyen, T.T. (2020). The gut microbiome, aging, and longevity: A systematic review. Nutrients, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12123759"},{"key":"ref_293","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-022-00605-x","article-title":"The gut microbiome as a modulator of healthy ageing","volume":"19","author":"Ghosh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_294","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1007\/s00284-017-1272-4","article-title":"Age-related changes in the composition of gut Bifidobacterium species","volume":"74","author":"Kato","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1474","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glx042","article-title":"Biological aging and the human gut microbiota","volume":"72","author":"Maffei","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_296","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2","DOI":"10.1017\/gmb.2022.11","article-title":"The gut microbiota is an emerging target for improving brain health during ageing","volume":"4","author":"Boehme","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gut Microbiome"},{"key":"ref_297","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1038\/s41435-021-00126-8","article-title":"The aging gut microbiome and its impact on host immunity","volume":"22","author":"Bosco","year":"2021","journal-title":"Genes Immun."},{"key":"ref_298","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-018-0064-2","article-title":"Inflammageing: Chronic inflammation in ageing, cardiovascular disease, and frailty","volume":"15","author":"Ferrucci","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_299","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mpmed.2024.08.002","article-title":"The physiology of ageing and how these changes affect older people","volume":"52","author":"Preston","year":"2021","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref_300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2017.03.002","article-title":"Age-associated microbial dysbiosis promotes intestinal permeability, systemic inflammation, and macrophage dysfunction","volume":"21","author":"Thevaranjan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"ref_301","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.2942","article-title":"An integrated catalog of reference genes in the human gut microbiome","volume":"32","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_302","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stoccoro, A., and Copped\u00e8, F. (2021). Mitochondrial DNA methylation and human diseases. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22094594"},{"key":"ref_303","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-021-01109-3","article-title":"Discovering multiple types of DNA methylation from bacteria and microbiome using nanopore sequencing","volume":"18","author":"Tourancheau","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"ref_304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1002\/em.22319","article-title":"Mitochondrial DNA: Epigenetics and environment","volume":"60","author":"Sharma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Environ. Mol. Mutagen."},{"key":"ref_305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159X18666200128125641","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disorder: Epigenetic connection and associated risk factors","volume":"18","author":"Sharma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Neuropharmacol."},{"key":"ref_306","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-019-0286-2","article-title":"The bacterial epigenome","volume":"18","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_307","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1129437","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1129437","article-title":"Bacterial DNA methyltransferase: A key to the epigenetic world with lessons learned from proteobacteria","volume":"14","author":"Gao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_308","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-019-0613-4","article-title":"Epigenomic characterization of Clostridioides difficile finds a conserved DNA methyltransferase that mediates sporulation and pathogenesis","volume":"5","author":"Oliveira","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_309","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4082","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-39892-6","article-title":"Roving methyltransferases generate a mosaic epigenetic landscape and influence evolution in Bacteroides fragilis group","volume":"14","author":"Tisza","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alekseeva, I.V., and Kuznetsov, N.A. (2023). Historical aspects of restriction endonucleases as intelligent scissors for genetic engineering. Fermentation, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/fermentation9100874"},{"key":"ref_311","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"uqac014","DOI":"10.1093\/femsml\/uqac014","article-title":"Bacterial methyltransferases: From targeting bacterial genomes to host epigenetics","volume":"3","author":"Rolando","year":"2022","journal-title":"microLife"},{"key":"ref_312","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Muhammad, J.S., Eladl, M.A., and Khoder, G. (2019). Helicobacter pylori-induced DNA methylation as an epigenetic modulator of gastric cancer: Recent outcomes and future direction. Pathogens, 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens8010023"},{"key":"ref_313","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-023-01346-6","article-title":"Uropathogenic Escherichia coli infection-induced epithelial trained immunity impacts urinary tract disease outcome","volume":"8","author":"Russell","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_314","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.32567","article-title":"Microbiome, inflammation, epigenetic alterations, and mental diseases","volume":"174","author":"Alam","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Med. Genet. B Neuropsychiat. Genet."},{"key":"ref_315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-020-00378-4","article-title":"Microbial involvement in Alzheimer disease development and progression","volume":"15","author":"Bulgart","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Neurodegener."},{"key":"ref_316","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2019.00638","article-title":"Epigenetic regulation at the interplay between gut microbiota and host metabolism","volume":"10","author":"Yanes","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Genet."},{"key":"ref_317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1850","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2014.02.002","article-title":"Cross-region reduction in 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in Alzheimer\u2019s disease brain","volume":"35","author":"Condliffe","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Aging"},{"key":"ref_318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e50240","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.50240","article-title":"Adjusting for age improves identification of gut microbiome alterations in multiple diseases","volume":"9","author":"Ghosh","year":"2020","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"ref_319","first-page":"E1","article-title":"Gut microbiome signatures of risk and prodromal markers of Parkinson disease","volume":"90","author":"Heinzel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-019-1194-x","article-title":"The association between objectively measured physical activity and the gut microbiome among older community dwelling men","volume":"23","author":"Langsetmo","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Health Aging"},{"key":"ref_321","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617717000492","article-title":"Preliminary evidence for an association between the composition of the gut microbiome and cognitive function in neurologically healthy older adults","volume":"23","author":"Manderino","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc."},{"key":"ref_322","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0228530","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0228530","article-title":"Gut microbiota composition and frailty in elderly patients with chronic kidney disease","volume":"15","author":"Margiotta","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"ref_323","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13935","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.13935","article-title":"Effects of short-term endurance exercise on gut microbiota in elderly men","volume":"6","author":"Taniguchi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Physiol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_324","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhong, X., Harrington, J.M., Millar, S.R., Perry, I.J., O\u2019Toole, P.W., and Phillips, C.M. (2020). Gut microbiota associations with metabolic health and obesity status in older adults. Nutrients, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12082364"},{"key":"ref_325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2021.02.001","article-title":"Microbial regulation of host physiology by short-chain fatty acids","volume":"29","author":"Wells","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trends Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_326","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Borrego-Ruiz, A., and Borrego, J.J. (2024). Human gut microbiome, diet, and mental disorders. Int. Microbiol., Advance online publication.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10123-024-00518-6"},{"key":"ref_327","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2022407","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2021.2022407","article-title":"Epigenetic regulation by gut microbiota","volume":"14","author":"Woo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"ref_328","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2604-2","article-title":"Microbiota-derived metabolite promotes HDAC3 activity in the gut","volume":"586","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_329","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2014.08.009","article-title":"\u03b2-hydroxybutyrate: Much more than a metabolite","volume":"106","author":"Newman","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"ref_330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-02651-5","article-title":"Microbiota derived short chain fatty acids promote histone crotonylation in the colon through histone deacetylases","volume":"9","author":"Fellows","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_331","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111809","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2022.111809","article-title":"Stable isotope tracing in vivo reveals a metabolic bridge linking the microbiota to host histone acetylation","volume":"41","author":"Lund","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"ref_332","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg.2016.138","article-title":"From profiles to function in epigenomics","volume":"18","author":"Stricker","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Genet."},{"key":"ref_333","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2018.03.004","article-title":"Sirtuin activators and inhibitors: Promises, achievements, and challenges","volume":"188","author":"Dai","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_334","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01943-16","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01943-16","article-title":"Epigenetic metabolite acetate inhibits class I\/II histone deacetylases, promotes histone acetylation, and increases HIV-1 integration in CD4+ T cells","volume":"91","author":"Bolduc","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"ref_335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108631","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2021.108631","article-title":"The interplay between diet, gut microbes, and host epigenetics in health and disease","volume":"95","author":"Shock","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_336","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-019-0659-3","article-title":"The microbiota programs DNA methylation to control intestinal homeostasis and inflammation","volume":"5","author":"Ansari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_337","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2017.08.005","article-title":"Metabolic programming of the epigenome: Host and gut microbial metabolite interactions with host chromatin","volume":"189","author":"Krautkramer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Translat. Res."},{"key":"ref_338","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2305","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.02305","article-title":"Microbial metabolic capacity for intestinal folate production and modulation of host folate receptors","volume":"10","author":"Engevik","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_339","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hossain, K.S., Amarasena, S., and Mayengbam, S. (2022). B vitamins and their roles in gut health. Microorganisms, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms10061168"},{"key":"ref_340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1017\/S0029665116000197","article-title":"Riboflavin status, MTHFR genotype and blood pressure: Current evidence and implications for personalised nutrition","volume":"75","author":"McAuley","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc. Nutr. Soc."},{"key":"ref_341","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147798","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2023.147798","article-title":"Histone acetylation and deacetylation\u2014Mechanistic insights from structural biology","volume":"890","author":"Patel","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"ref_342","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1002\/emmm.201100180","article-title":"Impaired coenzyme A metabolism affects histone and tubulin acetylation in Drosophila and human cell models of pantothenate kinase associated neurodegeneration","volume":"3","author":"Siudeja","year":"2011","journal-title":"EMBO Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_343","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ge, Y., Zadeh, M., and Mohamadzadeh, M. (2022). Vitamin B12 regulates the transcriptional, metabolic, and rpigenetic programing in human ileal epithelial cells. Nutrients, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14142825"},{"key":"ref_344","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1111\/nbu.12611","article-title":"Epigenetic effects of folate and related B vitamins on brain health throughout life: Scientific substantiation and translation of the evidence for health improvement strategies","volume":"48","author":"Caffrey","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutr. Bull."},{"key":"ref_345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u0141oniewska, B., Fraszczyk-Tousty, M., Tousty, P., Skonieczna-\u017bydecka, K., Maciejewska-Markiewicz, D., and \u0141oniewski, I. (2023). Analysis of fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in healthy children during the first two years of life: An observational prospective cohort study. Nutrients, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15020367"},{"key":"ref_346","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111572","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2022.111572","article-title":"Short chain fatty acids: Microbial metabolites for gut-brain axis signalling","volume":"546","author":"Collins","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_347","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e323","DOI":"10.1038\/emm.2017.5","article-title":"TET family dioxygenases and DNA demethylation in stem cells and cancers","volume":"49","author":"An","year":"2017","journal-title":"Exp. Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_348","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1326","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.191056.112","article-title":"Inhibition of \u03b1-KG-dependent histone and DNA demethylases by fumarate and succinate that are accumulated in mutations of FH and SDH tumor suppressors","volume":"26","author":"Xiao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"ref_349","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4935915","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/4935915","article-title":"Behavioural and cognitive changes in neurodegenerative diseases and brain injury","volume":"2018","author":"Trojsi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Behav. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101636","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2022.101636","article-title":"Neurogenesis in aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"78","author":"Culig","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ageing Res. Rev."},{"key":"ref_351","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-018-0291-1","article-title":"Epigenome-wide study uncovers large-scale changes in histone acetylation driven by tau pathology in aging and Alzheimer\u2019s human brains","volume":"22","author":"Klein","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_352","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.2217\/nmt-2019-0034","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease: The potential of epigenetic treatments and current clinical candidates","volume":"10","author":"Coneys","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurodegener. Dis. Manag."},{"key":"ref_353","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1618","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-018-0253-7","article-title":"A histone acetylome-wide association study of Alzheimer\u2019s disease identifies disease-associated H3K27ac differences in the entorhinal cortex","volume":"21","author":"Marzi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_354","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2018.10.002","article-title":"Epigenetics in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A role for histone post-translational modifications in neurodegenerative disease","volume":"204","author":"Bennett","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transl. Res."},{"key":"ref_355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5660","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.13924","article-title":"Understanding histone deacetylation in Huntington\u2019s disease","volume":"8","author":"Valor","year":"2017","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"ref_356","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-021-00450-7","article-title":"Genome-wide histone acetylation analysis reveals altered transcriptional regulation in the Parkinson\u2019s disease brain","volume":"16","author":"Toker","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol. Neurodegener."},{"key":"ref_357","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1186\/s40246-018-0163-5","article-title":"The tale of histone modifications and its role in multiple sclerosis","volume":"12","author":"He","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hum. Genomics"},{"key":"ref_358","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2020.00626","article-title":"Parkinson\u2019s disease and the gut: Future perspectives for early diagnosis","volume":"14","author":"Harsanyiova","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_359","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.27556","article-title":"Gut-brain axis and the spread of \u03b1-synuclein pathology: Vagal highway or dead end?","volume":"34","author":"Breen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"ref_360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1996","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000003961","article-title":"Vagotomy and Parkinson disease: A Swedish register-based matched-cohort study","volume":"88","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_361","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1038\/s41422-019-0241-9","article-title":"Initiation of Parkinson\u2019s disease from gut to brain by \u03b4-secretase","volume":"30","author":"Ahn","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Res."},{"key":"ref_362","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4678","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-83851-4","article-title":"Integrated analysis of behavioral, epigenetic, and gut microbiome analyses in AppNL-GF, AppNL-F, and wild type mice","volume":"11","author":"Kundu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_363","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00561-20","DOI":"10.1128\/mSystems.00561-20","article-title":"Gut microbiota and metabolome alterations associated with Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"5","author":"Vascellari","year":"2020","journal-title":"mSystems"},{"key":"ref_364","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1644","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.29128","article-title":"Bacterial butyrate in Parkinson\u2019s disease is linked to epigenetic changes and depressive symptoms","volume":"37","author":"Xie","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"key":"ref_365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1262","DOI":"10.1111\/eva.12946","article-title":"Sources of epigenetic variation and their applications in natural populations","volume":"13","author":"Angers","year":"2020","journal-title":"Evol. Appl."},{"key":"ref_366","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20200111","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2020.0111","article-title":"How does epigenetics influence the course of evolution?","volume":"376","author":"Ashe","year":"2021","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_367","first-page":"19","article-title":"Microbioma intestinal humano, epigen\u00e9tica y enfermedades neurodegenerativas [Human gut microbiome, epigenetics and neurodegenerative diseases]","volume":"187","author":"Borrego","year":"2024","journal-title":"Enc. Biol."},{"key":"ref_368","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20190598","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2019.0598","article-title":"Microbial control of host gene regulation and the evolution of host-microbiome interactions in primates","volume":"375","author":"Grieneisen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_369","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaf3951","article-title":"Cospeciation of gut microbiota with hominids","volume":"353","author":"Moeller","year":"2016","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1080\/15592294.2016.1155011","article-title":"Epigenome-microbiome crosstalk: A potential new paradigm influencing neonatal susceptibility to disease","volume":"11","author":"Cortese","year":"2016","journal-title":"Epigenetics"},{"key":"ref_371","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1093\/jb\/mvx080","article-title":"Crosstalk between the microbiome and epigenome: Messages from bugs","volume":"163","author":"Qin","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_372","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8582","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.R116.761577","article-title":"Chemical signaling between gut microbiota and host chromatin: What is your gut really saying?","volume":"292","author":"Krautkramer","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_373","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csbj.2022.05.024","article-title":"MIAOME: Human microbiome affect the host epigenome","volume":"20","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Comput. Struct. Biotechnol. J."},{"key":"ref_374","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e70349","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.70349","article-title":"The East Asian gut microbiome is distinct from colocalized White subjects and connected to metabolic health","volume":"10","author":"Ang","year":"2021","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"ref_375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1495","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-018-0210-8","article-title":"The influence of ethnicity and geography on human gut microbiome composition","volume":"24","author":"Gaulke","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_376","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-015-0386-8","article-title":"Comparative analysis of gut microbiota in elderly people of urbanized towns and longevity villages","volume":"15","author":"Park","year":"2015","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_377","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2016.1256525","article-title":"Nutrition and the gut microbiome in the elderly","volume":"8","author":"Salazar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"ref_378","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Satam, H., Joshi, K., Mangrolia, U., Waghoo, S., Zaidi, G., Rawool, S., Thakare, R.P., Banday, S., Mishra, A.K., and Das, G. (2023). Next-generation sequencing technology: Current trends and advancements. Biology, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/biology12070997"},{"key":"ref_379","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eadd8643","DOI":"10.1126\/science.add8643","article-title":"CRISPR technology: A decade of genome editing is only the beginning","volume":"379","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1139\/gen-2020-0136","article-title":"Gut microbiome-mediated epigenetic regulation of brain disorder and application of machine learning for multi-omics data analysis","volume":"64","author":"Kaur","year":"2021","journal-title":"Genome"},{"key":"ref_381","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3617","DOI":"10.1111\/all.15442","article-title":"Maternal prenatal immunity, neonatal trained immunity, and early airway microbiota shape childhood asthma development","volume":"77","author":"DeVries","year":"2022","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"ref_382","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102361","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2023.102361","article-title":"The mycobiome: Interactions with host and implications in diseases","volume":"75","author":"Fan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_383","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-021-00536-5","article-title":"The human virome: Assembly, composition and host interactions","volume":"19","author":"Liang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_384","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104996","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2024.104996","article-title":"Cross talk between the liver microbiome and epigenome in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease","volume":"101","author":"Pirola","year":"2024","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"ref_385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6707728","DOI":"10.1155\/2024\/6707728","article-title":"Gut microbiome: An intersection between human genome, diet, and epigenetics","volume":"2024","author":"Muhammad","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv. Gut Microbiome Res."},{"key":"ref_386","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.24310\/escpsi.17.1.2024.18566","article-title":"Una revisi\u00f3n cr\u00edtica sobre la aplicaci\u00f3n de estimulaci\u00f3n cognitiva en el contexto gerontol\u00f3gico [A critical review on the application of cognitive stimulation in the gerontological context]","volume":"17","year":"2024","journal-title":"Escr. Psicol."},{"key":"ref_387","first-page":"21","article-title":"Intervenci\u00f3n social dirigida al envejecimiento saludable: Revisi\u00f3n de estudios recientes [Social intervention aimed at healthy aging: Review of recent studies]","volume":"50","year":"2024","journal-title":"Anal. Modif. Conducta"},{"key":"ref_388","first-page":"149","article-title":"Influencia de la dieta vegetariana en el microbioma intestinal humano [Influence of the vegetarian diet on the human intestinal microbiome]","volume":"44","author":"Borrego","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nutr. Clin. Diet. Hosp."}],"container-title":["Genes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4425\/15\/12\/1599\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T16:55:07Z","timestamp":1760115307000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4425\/15\/12\/1599"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,14]]},"references-count":388,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["genes15121599"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/genes15121599","relation":{},"ISSN":["2073-4425"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2073-4425","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,14]]}}}