{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T15:54:42Z","timestamp":1791561282774,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":97,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,29]],"date-time":"2024-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Genes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Salivary gland carcinomas encompass a broad group of malignant lesions characterized by varied prognoses. Stem cells have been associated with the potential for self-renewal and differentiation to various subpopulations, resulting in histopathological variability and diverse biological behavior, features that characterize salivary gland carcinomas. This study aims to provide a thorough systematic review of immunohistochemical studies regarding the expression and prognostic significance of stem cell markers between different malignant salivary gland tumors (MSGTs). Methods: The English literature was searched via the databases MEDLINE\/PubMed, EMBASE via OVID, Web of Science, Scopus, and CINHAL via EBSCO. The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tool was used for risk of bias (RoB) assessment. Meta-analysis was conducted for markers evaluated in the same pair of diseases in at least two studies. Results: Fifty-four studies reported the expression of stem cell markers, e.g., c-KIT, CD44, CD133, CD24, ALDH1, BMI1, SOX2, OCT4, and NANOG, in various MSGTs. Low, moderate, and high RoB was observed in twenty-five, eleven, and eighteen studies, respectively. Meta-analysis revealed an outstanding discriminative ability of c-KIT for adenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC) over polymorphous adenocarcinoma [P(LG)A] but did not confirm the prognostic significance of stem cell markers in MSGTs. Conclusions: This study indicated a possible link between stem cells and the histopathological heterogeneity and diverse biological behavior that characterize the MSGTs. c-KIT might be of diagnostic value in discriminating between AdCC and P(LG)A.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/genes16010037","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]],"date-time":"2024-12-31T13:26:25Z","timestamp":1735651585000},"page":"37","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The Immunoexpression and Prognostic Significance of Stem Cell Markers in Malignant Salivary Gland Tumors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7891-4804","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eleni-Marina","family":"Kalogirou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Metropolitan College, 15125 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6322-5296","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Athina","family":"Tosiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UFR d\u2019Odontologie, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, 75006 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stavros","family":"Vrachnos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Private Practice, 14563 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4646-5570","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vasileios L.","family":"Zogopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Systems Biology, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8991-8712","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ioannis","family":"Michalopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Systems Biology, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theodora","family":"Tzanavari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Metropolitan College, 15125 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8834-6078","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Konstantinos I.","family":"Tosios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coms.2018.08.007","article-title":"Salivary Gland Malignancies","volume":"31","author":"Carlson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oral. 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