{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T21:10:57Z","timestamp":1776978657383,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]],"date-time":"2025-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737676800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFD1700200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFD1700200"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32472549"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32472549"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32302458"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32302458"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024TD05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024TD05"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key R&amp;D Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["202303021212250"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202303021212250"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2022YFD1700200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFD1700200"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["32472549"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32472549"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["32302458"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32302458"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["2024TD05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024TD05"]}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["202303021212250"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202303021212250"]}]},{"name":"Postgraduate Education Innovation Program of Shanxi Province","award":["2022YFD1700200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFD1700200"]}]},{"name":"Postgraduate Education Innovation Program of Shanxi Province","award":["32472549"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32472549"]}]},{"name":"Postgraduate Education Innovation Program of Shanxi Province","award":["32302458"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32302458"]}]},{"name":"Postgraduate Education Innovation Program of Shanxi Province","award":["2024TD05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024TD05"]}]},{"name":"Postgraduate Education Innovation Program of Shanxi Province","award":["202303021212250"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202303021212250"]}]},{"name":"Basic Research Program of Shanxi Province","award":["2022YFD1700200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFD1700200"]}]},{"name":"Basic Research Program of Shanxi Province","award":["32472549"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32472549"]}]},{"name":"Basic Research Program of Shanxi Province","award":["32302458"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32302458"]}]},{"name":"Basic Research Program of Shanxi Province","award":["2024TD05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024TD05"]}]},{"name":"Basic Research Program of Shanxi Province","award":["202303021212250"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202303021212250"]}]},{"name":"Taishan Industrial Leading Talent Program","award":["2022YFD1700200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFD1700200"]}]},{"name":"Taishan Industrial Leading Talent Program","award":["32472549"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32472549"]}]},{"name":"Taishan Industrial Leading Talent Program","award":["32302458"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32302458"]}]},{"name":"Taishan Industrial Leading Talent Program","award":["2024TD05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024TD05"]}]},{"name":"Taishan Industrial Leading Talent Program","award":["202303021212250"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202303021212250"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Genes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Vacuolar (H+)-ATPases (V-ATPases) are crucial in several significant biological processes, including intracellular transport, endocytosis, autophagy and protein degradation. However, their role in the growth and development of insects remains largely unknown. This study aimed to explore the molecular and functional properties of V-ATPases in Locusta migratoria. Methods: LmV-ATPase genes were identified based on the locust transcriptome database and bioinformatics analysis. Quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to assess the relative expression of LmV-ATPases in different tissues and developmental stages. RNA interference combined with hematoxylin\u2013eosin staining and transmission electron microscopy was used to explore the functions of LmV-ATPases. Results: Ten V-ATPase genes were identified in L. migratoria and were named LmV-ATPase A, B, C, D, E, F, G, c\u2033, d and e, respectively. These genes were highly expressed in the head, integument, gastric caecum, midgut, hindgut, fat body, trachea and ovary. The transcripts of LmV-ATPases were expressed in the developmental stages examined (from the 3rd to 5th instar nymphs). The injection of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) against each LmV-ATPase induced high silencing efficiency in the 3rd instar nymphs. Knockdown of LmV-ATPases resulted in lethal phenotypes, with visible defects of the wing and cuticle. We further demonstrated that the deformation was caused by the defects of epidermal cells and fewer new cuticles. Conclusions: These findings suggest that LmV-ATPases are required for the wing and cuticle development of L. migratoria, which could be potential targets for the control of locusts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/genes16020145","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]],"date-time":"2025-01-24T09:40:39Z","timestamp":1737711639000},"page":"145","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Vacuolar (H+)-ATPase Genes Are Essential for Cuticle and Wing Development in Locusta migratoria"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0160-7392","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaojian","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanxi Key Laboratory of Nucleic Acid Biopesticides, Research Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanxi Key Laboratory of Nucleic Acid Biopesticides, Research Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuekai","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Taiyuan Normal University, Jinzhong 030619, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianzhen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanxi Key Laboratory of Nucleic Acid Biopesticides, Research Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10859","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)68523-6","article-title":"Properties of H+-translocating adenosine triphosphatase in vacuolar membranes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae","volume":"256","author":"Kakinuma","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4987","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.158550","article-title":"The vacuolar-type H+-ATPase at a glance\u2014More than a proton pump","volume":"127","author":"Maxson","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibs.2015.08.005","article-title":"Recent insights into the structure, regulation, and function of the V-ATPases","volume":"40","author":"Cotter","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trends Biochem. Sci."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1002\/pro.3147","article-title":"Breaking up and making up: The secret life of the vacuolar H+-ATPase","volume":"26","author":"Oot","year":"2017","journal-title":"Protein Sci."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1240","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaz2924","article-title":"Structure of V-ATPase from the mammalian brain","volume":"367","author":"Abbas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4715","DOI":"10.1021\/bi100397s","article-title":"Regulation and isoform function of the V-ATPases","volume":"49","author":"Toei","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005400731289","article-title":"The multifunctional Drosophila melanogaster V-ATPase is encoded by a multigene family","volume":"31","author":"Julian","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Bioenerg. Biomembr."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1152\/physiolgenomics.00233.2004","article-title":"Genome-wide survey of V-ATPase genes in Drosophila reveals a conserved renal phenotype for lethal alleles","volume":"22","author":"Allan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Physiol. Genom."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2009.07.001","article-title":"The vacuolar proton pump, V-ATPase, is required for notch signaling and endosomal trafficking in Drosophila","volume":"17","author":"Yan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Dev. Cell"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2010.05.028","article-title":"Wnt\/Frizzled signaling requires dPRR, the Drosophila homolog of the prorenin receptor","volume":"20","author":"Buechling","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2010.05.057","article-title":"Regulation of Frizzled-dependent planar polarity signaling by a V-ATPase subunit","volume":"20","author":"Hermle","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chang, Y.W., Wang, Y.C., Zhang, X.X., Iqbal, J., and Du, Y.Z. (2021). RNA interference of genes encoding the Vacuolar-ATPase in Liriomyza trifolii. Insects, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/insects12010041"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1111\/pbi.12355","article-title":"Engineered chloroplast dsRNA silences cytochrome p450 monooxygenase, V-ATPase and chitin synthase genes in the insect gut and disrupts Helicoverpa armigera larval development and pupation","volume":"13","author":"Jin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Plant Biotechnol. J."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pestbp.2014.11.013","article-title":"Co\u2013silence of the coatomer \u03b2 and vATPase A genes by siRNA feeding reduces larval survival rate and weight gain of cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera","volume":"118","author":"Mao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pestic. Biochem. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, X.J., Zhao, D., Wang, Q., Liu, Y.N., Lu, X.J., and Guo, W. (2024). Identification and functional analysis of V-ATPaseA and C genes in Hyphantria cunea. Insects, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/insects15070515"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1093\/jme\/tjy001","article-title":"RNAi-mediated knockdown of vATPase subunits affects survival and reproduction of bed bugs (Hemiptera: Cimicidae)","volume":"55","author":"Basnet","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Med. Entomol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1007\/s12038-011-9009-1","article-title":"RNA interference for the control of whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci) by oral route","volume":"36","author":"Upadhyay","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Biosci."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1111\/1744-7917.12455","article-title":"Evaluation of potential RNA-interference-target genes to control cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis (Hemiptera: Pseudococcuidae)","volume":"25","author":"Khan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Insect Sci."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1093\/ee\/nvv178","article-title":"Diet-Delivered dsRNAs for Juvenile Hormone-Binding Protein and Vacuolar ATPase-H Implied Their Potential in the Management of the Melon Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae)","volume":"45","author":"Rebijith","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Entomol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, F.Z., Yang, B., Zhang, A.H., Ding, D.R., and Wang, G.R. (2019). Plant-Mediated RNAi for Controlling Apolygus lucorum. Front. Plant Sci., 10.","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2019.00064"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e70243","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0070243","article-title":"Development of RNAi methods for Peregrinus maidis, the corn planthopper","volume":"8","author":"Yao","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khan, A.M., Ashfaq, M., Kiss, Z., Khan, A.A., Mansoor, S., and Falk, B.W. (2013). Use of recombinant tobacco mosaic virus to achieve RNA interference in plants against the citrus mealybug, Planococcus citri (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae). PLoS ONE, 8.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0073657"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1111\/1744-7917.12565","article-title":"Systemic RNAi of V-ATPase subunit B causes molting defect and developmental abnormalities in Periplaneta fuliginosa","volume":"26","author":"Sato","year":"2019","journal-title":"Insect Sci."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10936","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.4c00654","article-title":"Establishment of RNAi-Mediated Pest Control Method for Red Imported Fire Ant, Solenopsis invicta","volume":"72","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1322","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt1359","article-title":"Control of coleopteran insect pests through RNA interference","volume":"25","author":"Baum","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2545","DOI":"10.1093\/jee\/tox263","article-title":"Sublethal effects of vATPase-A and Snf7 dsRNAs on biology of southern corn rootworm, Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi barber","volume":"110","author":"Pereira","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Econ. Entomol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibmb.2009.09.007","article-title":"Ingested double-stranded RNAs can act as species-specific insecticides","volume":"39","author":"Whyard","year":"2009","journal-title":"Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cao, M., Gatehouse, J.A., and Fitches, E.C. (2018). A systematic study of RNAi effects and dsRNA stability in Tribolium castaneum and Acyrthosiphon pisum, following injection and ingestion of analogous dsRNAs. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19041079"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.2048","article-title":"Ingested RNA interference for managing the populations of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata","volume":"67","author":"Zhu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pest. Manag. Sci."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pestbp.2014.07.009","article-title":"Response of the vacuolar ATPase subunit E to RNA interference and four chemical pesticides in Leptinotarsa decemlineata (say)","volume":"114","author":"Fu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pestic. Biochem. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.4365","article-title":"Systemic RNAi in the small hive beetle Aethina tumida Murray (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae), a serious pest of the European honey bee Apis mellifera","volume":"73","author":"Powell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pest. Manag. Sci."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"L\u00fc, J., Guo, M., Chen, S., Noland, J.E., Guo, W., Sang, W., Qi, Y., Qiu, B., Zhang, Y., and Yang, C. (2020). Double-stranded RNA targeting vATPase B reveals a potential target for pest management of Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata. Pestic. Biochem. Physiol., 165.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pestbp.2020.104555"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1111\/imb.12749","article-title":"Vacuolar ATPase subunit F is critical for larval survival in Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata","volume":"31","author":"Zeng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Insect Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zeng, J., Kang, W.N., Jin, L., Anjum, A.A., and Li, G.Q. (2021). Knockdown of Vacuolar ATPase Subunit G Gene Affects Larval Survival and Impaired Pupation and Adult Emergence in Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata. Insects, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/insects12100935"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007485321000420","article-title":"RNAi of vacuolar-type H(+)-ATPase genes causes growth delay and molting defect in Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata","volume":"11","author":"Zeng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bull. Entomol. Res."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1664","DOI":"10.1111\/1744-7917.12899","article-title":"RNA interference-mediated silencing of vATPase subunits A and E affect survival and development of the 28-spotted ladybeetle, Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata","volume":"28","author":"Guo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Insect Sci."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinsphys.2015.03.009","article-title":"RNA interference tools for the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis","volume":"76","author":"Rotenberg","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Insect Phys."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2583.2012.01147.x","article-title":"Vacuolar ATPase subunit H is essential for the survival and moulting of Locusta migratoria manilensis","volume":"21","author":"Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"Insect Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1111\/imb.12738","article-title":"V-ATPase subunit a is required for survival and midgut development of Locusta migratoria","volume":"31","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Insect Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1555","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.6774","article-title":"Vacuolar (H+)-ATPase subunit c is essential for the survival and systemic RNA interference response in Locusta migratoria","volume":"78","author":"Shi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pest. Manag. Sci."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao, Y.G., Li, P., Yao, X., Li, Y.P., Tian, Y., Xie, G.Y., Deng, Z.Y., Xu, S.X., Wei, J.Z., and Li, X.C. (2024). V-ATPase E mediates Cry2Ab binding and toxicity in Helicoverpa armigera. Pestic. Biochem. Physiol., 198.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pestbp.2023.105744"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2021.11.169","article-title":"Genome-wide analysis of V-ATPase genes in Plutella xylostella (L) and the potential role of PxVHA-G1 in resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ac toxin","volume":"194","author":"Xie","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Macromol."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao, X.M., Gou, X., Qin, Z.Y., Li, D.Q., Wang, Y., Ma, E.B., Li, S., and Zhang, J.Z. (2017). Identification and expression of cuticular protein genes based on Locusta migratoria transcriptome. Sci. Rep., 7.","DOI":"10.1038\/srep45462"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, X.J., Li, F., Li, D.Q., Zhang, W.Q., Ma, E.B., Zhu, K.Y., and Zhang, J.Z. (2013). Molecular and Functional Analysis of UDP- N-Acetylglucosamine Pyrophosphorylases from the Migratory Locust, Locusta migratoria. PLoS ONE, 8.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0071970"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jip.2009.03.002","article-title":"Histopathological changes of Ceroplastes japonicus infected by Lecanicillium lecanii","volume":"101","author":"Liu","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Invertebr. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2957","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms3957","article-title":"The locust genome provides insight into swarm formation and long-distance flight","volume":"5","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature Commun."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aspen.2021.04.004","article-title":"Evaluation of three vacuolar ATPase genes as potential RNAi target in Henosepilachn vigintioctopunctata","volume":"24","author":"Zeng","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Asia Pac. Entomol."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, X.J., Li, Y., Gao, Y., Wakil, A.E., Moussian, B., and Zhang, J.Z. (2024). RNA interference-mediated silencing of coat protein II (COPII) genes affects the gut homeostasis and cuticle development in Locusta migratoria. Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 266.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2024.131137"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Norum, M., T\u00e5ng, E., Chavoshi, T., Schwarz, H., Linke, D., Uv, A., and Moussian, B. (2010). Trafficking through COPII stabilises cell polarity and drives secretion during Drosophila epidermal differentiation. PLoS ONE., 5.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0010802"},{"key":"ref_50","first-page":"129","article-title":"Assembly, organization, and function of the COPII coat","volume":"129","author":"Hughes","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.106.066035","article-title":"Genes required for osmoregulation and apical secretion in Caenorhabditis elegans","volume":"175","author":"Benedetto","year":"2007","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mo, D., Chen, Y., Jiang, N., Shen, J., and Zhang, J. (2020). Investigation of isoform specific functions of the V-ATPase a subunit during Drosophila wing development. Front. Genet., 11.","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2020.00723"}],"container-title":["Genes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4425\/16\/2\/145\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T10:35:43Z","timestamp":1759919743000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4425\/16\/2\/145"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]}},"alternative-id":["genes16020145"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/genes16020145","relation":{},"ISSN":["2073-4425"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2073-4425","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,24]]}}}