{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T09:09:27Z","timestamp":1790932167034,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":155,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772150400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Foundation Fighting Blindness Clinical Research Fellowship","award":["CD-CL-0625-0908-OXH"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CD-CL-0625-0908-OXH"]}]},{"name":"Fight For Sight","award":["RESPRJ2305"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RESPRJ2305"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100031367","name":"Choroideremia Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100031367","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre","award":["NIHR203311"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIHR203311"]}]},{"name":"UK Department of Healt"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Genes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Advances in molecular biology have positioned the eye as a leading platform for gene therapy, owing to its surgical accessibility, relative immune privilege, and the ability of the contralateral eye to serve as an anatomical control. We trace the historical evolution of gene discovery, synthesize current gene therapy strategies for inherited and acquired ocular disorders, critically evaluating the limitations of CRISPR and related genome-editing technologies, and examine the key scientific and translational challenges that must be addressed for genetic therapies to be integrated into routine ophthalmic practice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/genes17030283","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T15:52:38Z","timestamp":1772207558000},"page":"283","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Precision Is Not Enough: When Tools Outpace Translation in Ocular Gene Therapy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Maram E. A.","family":"Abdalla Elsayed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK"},{"name":"Oxford Eye Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3096-4682","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert E.","family":"MacLaren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK"},{"name":"Oxford Eye Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.20386","article-title":"John Hunter and the origins of modern orthopaedic research","volume":"25","author":"Evans","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. 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