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Histone demethylation, and particularly the removal of H3K27me3, has been linked to abiotic stress tolerance in plants. However, less is known about its role in biotic stress responses. Methods: We exploited immunity-related transcriptomics data combined with chromatin-state data to identify an association between chromatin modifications and plant immunity in Arabidopsis thaliana. We also measured the expression and H3K27me3 levels at immune-responsive loci, at Col-0 and at histone deacetylase mutants. Results: We identified H3K27me3 as a mark correlated with the silencing of defence gene loci. Moreover, we showed that the expression of a subset of flg22-induced genes is repressed by H3K27me3 prior to elicitation, and that expression negatively correlates with the mark upon activation of immunity. Notably, our studies also revealed a role for the H3K27 demethylase REF6 in plant defence. Loss of REF6 allows ectopic H3K27me3 deposition at target genes, revealing that these loci are actively regulated by the demethylase. Conclusions: Our data provide insight into the regulation of plant immune responses through chromatin dynamics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/genes17080975","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T13:14:01Z","timestamp":1787145241000},"page":"975","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["H3K27me3 Dynamic Turnover as a Gate Keeper of Defence Gene Expression in Arabidopsis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-5893-1735","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evangelia-Niki","family":"Pentari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rory","family":"Osborne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alonso Javier","family":"Pardal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QX, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0069-6004","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vardis","family":"Ntoukakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.arplant.57.032905.105346","article-title":"A Renaissance of Elicitors: Perception of Microbe-Associated Molecular Patterns and Danger Signals by Pattern-Recognition Receptors","volume":"60","author":"Boller","year":"2009","journal-title":"Annu. 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