{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T05:16:25Z","timestamp":1788066985248,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787875200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["82073443"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82073443"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["82404143"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82404143"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["82073443"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82073443"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["82404143"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82404143"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Shanghai Municipal Commission of Health and Family Planning","award":["2023ZZ02018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023ZZ02018"]}]},{"award":["2023ZZ02018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023ZZ02018"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03at7w331","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty","award":["shslczdzk01002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["shslczdzk01002"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Genes"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Epidemiological studies link autoimmune diseases (AIDs) to follicular lymphoma (FL) risk, but their shared genetic architecture and causal mechanisms remain unclear. Methods: A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was employed to assess causal relationships between 15 AIDs and FL. Pleiotropic loci were identified through the Pleiotropy Analysis under Composite Null (PLACO). Bayesian colocalization analysis, functional mapping, and Multi-marker Analysis of GenoMic Annotation were applied to fine-map shared genetic variants and identify their target genes. Summary data-based MR was used with multitissue expression quantitative trait locus data to infer causal effects of gene expression. HyPrColoc analysis was applied to decipher shared genetic regulation of immune cell phenotypes. Results: MR revealed that rheumatoid arthritis increased FL risk (ORIVW = 1.55, nominal p = 7.16 \u00d7 10\u22125, FDR-corrected p = 1.07 \u00d7 10\u22123), whereas composite autoimmune disease reduced FL risk (ORIVW = 0.70, nominal p = 4.61 \u00d7 10\u22125, FDR-corrected p = 6.92 \u00d7 10\u22124). Hypothyroidism showed only a nominally suggestive protective trend (ORIVW = 0.88, nominal p = 0.015), which did not survive Benjamini\u2013Hochberg multiple-testing correction (FDR-corrected p = 0.075). Fifty-five pleiotropic loci shared between FL and AIDs were identified, among which key loci such as 1p36.32, 6p21.32, 17p13.1, and 11q23.3 exhibited strong colocalization evidence. Core pleiotropic genes (e.g., TNFRSF14, MMEL1, CXCR5, and RNASET2) were prioritized, which implicated pathways related to MHC class II antigen presentation, interferon signaling, and T cell activation. HyPrColoc analysis demonstrated that these loci colocalized with the expression of immune receptors, including BAFF-R on B cells and HVEM (TNFRSF14) on na\u00efve CD8+ T cells. Conclusions: Our study identifies divergent causal effects of selected AIDs on FL risk and demonstrates localized pleiotropy at key loci, providing novel insights into shared immunogenetic mechanisms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/genes17091031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T18:33:52Z","timestamp":1787942032000},"page":"1031","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Shared Genetic Basis of Autoimmune Diseases and Follicular Lymphoma by Mendelian Randomization and Multi-Omics"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-7418-9334","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chendong","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Zhan","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Zhanyan","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"resources","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8807-6565","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jie","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"resources","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"resources","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA"},{"name":"Cutaneous Biology Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2025","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdu365","article-title":"Autoimmune diseases associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma: A nationwide cohort study","volume":"25","author":"Fallah","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann. 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