{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T11:00:32Z","timestamp":1789642832715,"version":"4.0.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]],"date-time":"2025-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756857600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The National Research Council of Thailand (NRCT)","award":["163\/2563"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["163\/2563"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Geriatrics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Falls are a major public health concern among older adults, often resulting in injury, mortality, and loss of independence. Understanding fall-related risk factors is essential for developing effective prevention strategies. This study examined the multifactorial risk assessment of falls among Thai community-dwelling older adults, aiming to identify and prioritize modifiable risk factors for targeted interventions in the Thai context. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 5694 adults aged \u226560 years who attended a comprehensive geriatric clinic in Bangkok, Thailand, between March 2019 and December 2023. All participants underwent a comprehensive geriatric assessment and fall history screening. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of falls and recurrent falls. Results: Among the 5694 participants, 17.7% reported at least one fall in the past year, and 4.1% experienced recurrent falls. Independent risk factors for falls included female sex (OR = 1.74), unsteadiness (OR = 1.54), fear of falling (OR = 1.22), sedative drug use (OR = 1.38), and low gait speed (&lt;1 m\/s; OR = 1.70). Recurrent falls were additionally associated with urinary incontinence (OR = 1.78). Most falls occurred outdoors (58.5%), primarily due to environmental hazards such as slippery floors and uneven surfaces. The Clinical Test of Sensory Integration of Balance (CTSIB) showed no difference between fallers and non-fallers, except under the eyes-open on firm surface condition, where recurrent fallers exhibited significantly greater postural sway (p = 0.048). Conclusions: In community-dwelling Thai older adults with robust or pre-frail status, the three key questions for fall risk screening appear to be the most effective tool. Modifiable risk factors strongly associated with fallers and recurrent fallers include sedative use, urinary incontinence, and unsteadiness. Accordingly, medication review, urinary incontinence screening, and balance assessment may help prevent falls. The CTSIB may have only limited value in differentiating fall risk between fallers and non-fallers in this population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/geriatrics10050118","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]],"date-time":"2025-09-03T15:15:57Z","timestamp":1756912557000},"page":"118","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Multifactorial Risk Assessment of Falls in Thai Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Findings from a Geriatric Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-9048-8758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natthaphon","family":"Ubonsutvanich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Geriatric Excellence Centre, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok 10330, Thailand"},{"name":"Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aisawan","family":"Petchlorlian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geriatric Excellence Centre, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok 10330, Thailand"},{"name":"Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bhorn-Ake","family":"Manasvanich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geriatric Excellence Centre, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok 10330, Thailand"},{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok 10330, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rapas","family":"Samalapa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geriatric Excellence Centre, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok 10330, Thailand"},{"name":"Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thanyaporn","family":"Hengpongthorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geriatric Excellence Centre, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok 10330, Thailand"},{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok 10330, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5901-5619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jirapa","family":"Champaiboon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand"},{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok 10330, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaewkanda","family":"Lekmanee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok 10330, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seangarun","family":"Surawong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok 10330, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2846-9498","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kearkiat","family":"Praditpornsilpa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geriatric Excellence Centre, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok 10330, Thailand"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7235a1","article-title":"Nonfatal and fatal falls among adults aged \u226565 years\u2014United States, 2020\u20132021","volume":"72","author":"Kakara","year":"2023","journal-title":"MMWR Morb. 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