{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:44:44Z","timestamp":1760150684696,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,28]],"date-time":"2023-12-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703721600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Geriatrics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Background: Gradenigo\u2019s Syndrome (GS) is a rare complication of acute otitis media characterized by the triad of diplopia, otitis, and facial pain. The widespread use of antibiotics has significantly reduced its occurrence. (2) Case summary: We present the case of an elderly patient with T-cell lymphoma who developed neurological deficits resembling GS. The patient was ultimately diagnosed with invasive sinus aspergillosis. The diagnostic process was challenging due to the atypical clinical presentation and the lack of specific imaging findings. A biopsy was the most important test for clarifying the diagnosis. (3) Conclusions: The prognosis for this complication is extremely poor without surgery, and the patient died despite adequate antifungal coverage. Therefore, maintaining high clinical suspicion is paramount to avoid adverse outcomes in similar cases, particularly in the geriatric population, wherein this syndrome\u2019s occurrence may not be expected.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/geriatrics9010004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,28]],"date-time":"2023-12-28T09:35:21Z","timestamp":1703756121000},"page":"4","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Challenging Diagnosis of Invasive Sinus Aspergillosis Mimicking Gradenigo\u2019s Syndrome in an Elderly Patient with T-Cell Lymphoma"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5849-6123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victoria","family":"Ramos de Ascanio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, 28031 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0179-7018","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gloria","family":"Lia\u00f1o-Esteso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Department, Cl\u00ednica Universidad de Navarra, 28031 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Rold\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Department, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, 28031 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Collazo-Lorduy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Otorhinolaryngology Department, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, 28031 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Flores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Geriatrics Department, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, 28031 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4550-757X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 \u00c1ngel","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Rivas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, 28031 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6329-1704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabel","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Gasc\u00f3n-y-Mar\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, 28031 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0000000000003600","article-title":"Petrous Apicitis: A Systematic Review and Case Presentation","volume":"43","author":"Talmor","year":"2022","journal-title":"Otol. Neurotol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.26571","article-title":"The Changing Face of Petrous Apicitis-a 40-Year Experience","volume":"128","author":"Gadre","year":"2018","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109942","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2020.109942","article-title":"How Well Do We Know Gradenigo? A Comprehensive Literature Review and Proposal for Novel Diagnostic Categories of Gradenigo\u2019s Syndrome","volume":"132","author":"McLaren","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1159\/000324179","article-title":"Gradenigo\u2019s Syndrome: Beyond the Classical Triad of Diplopia, Facial Pain and Otorrhea","volume":"3","author":"Pedroso","year":"2011","journal-title":"Case Rep. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"942796","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.942796","article-title":"Immunosenescence, Aging and Successful Aging","volume":"13","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2021.01.022","article-title":"Severe Bilateral Optic Neuropathy and Meningitis Secondary to Invasive Maxillary Sinus Aspergillosis","volume":"104","author":"Obry","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"afac104","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afac104","article-title":"Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment in Older People: An Umbrella Review of Health Outcomes","volume":"51","author":"Veronese","year":"2022","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u00c7akmak, G., Ganida\u011fl\u0131, S., Efendio\u011flu, E.M., \u00d6zt\u00fcrk, E., and \u00d6zt\u00fcrk, Z.A. (2021). Do Long-Term Complications of Type 2 Diabetes Increase Susceptibility to Geriatric Syndromes in Older Adults?. Medicina, 57.","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina57090968"},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"e19547","article-title":"Steroid-Responsive Gradenigo\u2019s Syndrome Mimicking Subdural Hematoma","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2005.03.034","article-title":"Gradenigo\u2019s Syndrome Presenting as a Tumor","volume":"135","author":"Yoong","year":"2006","journal-title":"Otolaryngol. Head. Neck Surg."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.12701\/jyms.2021.01494","article-title":"Invasive Sphenoid Sinus Aspergillosis with Normal Findings on Initial Diagnostic Tests That Mimics Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome-a Diagnostic Dilemma: A Case Report","volume":"40","author":"Jeong","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Yeungnam Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.2176\/nmccrj.cr.2020-0189","article-title":"A Case of Invasive Sphenoid Sinus Aspergillosis Presenting as Oculomotor Nerve Palsy in a Healthy Patient","volume":"8","author":"Fujimoto","year":"2021","journal-title":"NMC Case Rep. J."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/s41016-020-00187-0","article-title":"Invasive Sphenoid Sinus Aspergillosis Mimicking Sellar Tumor: A Report of 4 Cases and Systematic Literature Review","volume":"6","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chin. Neurosurg. J."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"rjab371","DOI":"10.1093\/jscr\/rjab371","article-title":"Petrous Apex Lesion Following Meningitis: Management and Discussion","volume":"2021","author":"Elmaraghy","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Surg. Case Rep."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afh092","article-title":"Aspergillosis of the Petrous Apex","volume":"33","author":"Rushton","year":"2004","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.3324\/haematol.2016.152900","article-title":"ECIL-6 Guidelines for the Treatment of Invasive Candidiasis, Aspergillosis and Mucormycosis in Leukemia and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Patients","volume":"102","author":"Tissot","year":"2017","journal-title":"Haematologica"}],"container-title":["Geriatrics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2308-3417\/9\/1\/4\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T21:43:22Z","timestamp":1760132602000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2308-3417\/9\/1\/4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,28]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]}},"alternative-id":["geriatrics9010004"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/geriatrics9010004","relation":{},"ISSN":["2308-3417"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2308-3417"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,28]]}}}