{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T21:10:39Z","timestamp":1778533839121,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778198400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Healthcare"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Smoking cessation outcomes vary widely across individuals, yet clinic-based services often rely on uniform intervention strategies. Understanding heterogeneity in smoking behaviors, co-occurring health behaviors, and cessation-related psychological profiles may help refine community-based cessation services. This study aimed to identify distinct subgroups of smokers enrolled in public health center-based smoking cessation clinics and to examine differences in cessation outcomes and related characteristics across subgroups. Methods: Data from 21,105 newly enrolled adults attending 16 public health center-based smoking cessation clinics in C Province were drawn from the Smoking Cessation Service Integrated Information System of the National Tobacco Control Center. Latent class analysis was conducted using five indicators: time to first cigarette, cigarettes per day, prior quit attempts, alcohol use, and physical activity. Associations between latent class membership, covariates, and distal outcomes were examined using a three-step approach. Results: Four distinct latent classes were identified: Sedentary heavy smokers (46.8%), Active social heavy smokers (34.6%), Inactive-nicotine addictive-light smokers (13.6%), and Active lifestyle light smokers (5.0%). The latent classes showed different socioeconomic, smoking-related, and cessation-related confidence. Six-month cessation successes differed across classes, with higher abstinence among light-smoking classes and among Sedentary Heavy Smokers relative to Active Social Heavy Smokers. Conclusion: These findings highlight the value of person-centered profiling for informing more precise, context-sensitive cessation strategies and support the integration of behavioral and environmental considerations into community-based tobacco control programs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare14101275","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T20:14:16Z","timestamp":1778530456000},"page":"1275","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Identifying Subgroups Among Current Smokers Enrolled in the Smoking Cessation Clinic Program: A Latent Class Analysis Approach"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Mi Sook","family":"Jung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Nursing, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-3747-7409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ah Rim","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Nursing, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sok Goo","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6710-6188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeongeun","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Nursing, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nondumiso Satiso","family":"Dlamini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyz078","article-title":"Smoking, drinking, diet and physical activity\u2014Modifiable lifestyle risk factors and their associations with age to first chronic disease","volume":"49","author":"Ng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int. 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