{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T16:41:56Z","timestamp":1793032916898,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779148800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Healthcare"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Parents of children undergoing liver transplantation face substantial caregiving demands that may adversely affect their mental health across multiple domains. Systematic evaluation of psychosocial outcomes in this population remains limited, particularly in settings that include immigrant families. Method: This was a single-center, cross-sectional study including the parents of 50 children after liver transplantation. Major sociodemographic variables included parental age, sex, education, chronic disease, and immigration status. We also recorded children\u2019s demographics, transplant-related data, follow-up findings, and mental health status. Instruments for psychiatric assessment included the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7; anxiety), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9; depression), Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10; stress), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI; sleep quality). Results: We enrolled 50 parents of 50 pediatric liver transplant recipients (43 Turkish citizens, 7 Syrian immigrants; 28 fathers, 22 mothers; mean age: 40.10 \u00b1 6.65). Time since transplantation showed weak negative correlation with PHQ-9 and GAD-7. Stress (PSS) levels had weak to strong positive correlation with PSQI, PHQ-9, and GAD-7. Sleep quality (PSQI) was positively correlated with PHQ-9 and GAD-7. Depressive findings (PHQ-9) were strongly and positively correlated with GAD-7. In Firth-penalized multivariable models, high PHQ-9 scores were independently associated with shorter time since transplantation (p = 0.001) and high PSS (p = 0.003). High GAD-7 scores were independently associated with shorter time since transplantation (p = 0.025) and high PSS (p = 0.001). Conclusions: The parents of pediatric liver transplant recipients experience high levels of stress, sleep issues, depression, and anxiety, which demonstrate multiple correlations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare14101384","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T07:35:43Z","timestamp":1779176143000},"page":"1384","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Psychosocial Burden in Parents of Pediatric Liver Transplant Recipients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6577-0335","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Serkan","family":"Suren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Practice, Samsun 55200, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deniz","family":"Yavuz Baskiran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Transplantation Institute, Inonu University, Malatya 44210, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-3327-9442","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irem","family":"Tulum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Practice, Samsun 55200, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7536-1631","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adil","family":"Baskiran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Transplantation Institute, Inonu University, Malatya 44210, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8044-0297","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sezai","family":"Yilmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Transplantation Institute, Inonu University, Malatya 44210, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.21352","article-title":"Health-related quality of life and family function following pediatric liver transplantation","volume":"14","author":"Alonso","year":"2008","journal-title":"Liver Transpl."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5274923","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/5274923","article-title":"Health-related quality of life after pediatric liver transplantation: A qualitative analysis of the perspectives of health care providers","volume":"2017","author":"Miserachs","year":"2017","journal-title":"Can. 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