{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:05:40Z","timestamp":1760144740151,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,20]],"date-time":"2024-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716163200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Hematology Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Brentuximab Vedotin (BV) has revolutionized the treatment landscape for Hodgkin\u2019s lymphoma, yet its effects on pre-existing autoimmune disorders remain elusive. Methods: Here, we present four cases of patients with concurrent autoimmune conditions\u2014Crohn\u2019s disease, vitiligo, type I diabetes, and minimal change disease\u2014undergoing BV therapy for Hodgkin\u2019s lymphoma. The patients were treated with A-AVD instead of ABVD due to advanced-stage disease with high IPI scores. Results: Our findings reveal the surprising and complex interplay between BV exposure and autoimmune manifestations, highlighting the need for multidisciplinary collaboration in patient management. Notably, the exacerbation of autoimmune symptoms was observed in the first three cases where T-cell-mediated autoimmunity predominated. Additionally, BV exposure precipitated autoimmune thrombocytopenia in the vitiligo patient, underscoring the profound disruptions in immune regulation. Conversely, in the minimal change disease case, a disease characterized by a blend of B- and T-cell-mediated immunity, the outcome was favorable. Conclusions: This paper underscores the critical importance of vigilance toward autoimmune flare-ups induced by BV in patients with concurrent autoimmune conditions, offering insights for tailored patient care.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/hematolrep16020030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,21]],"date-time":"2024-05-21T05:40:47Z","timestamp":1716270047000},"page":"299-307","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Complications of Brentuximab Therapy in Patients with Hodgkin\u2019s Lymphoma and Concurrent Autoimmune Pathology\u2014A Case Series"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Oana Diana","family":"Preda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cCarol Davila\u201d, 050474 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1507-2547","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sorina","family":"B\u0103deli\u021b\u0103","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cCarol Davila\u201d, 050474 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Iulia","family":"Ursuleac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cCarol Davila\u201d, 050474 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruxandra Maria","family":"Irimia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cCarol Davila\u201d, 050474 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sonia","family":"Balanica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cCarol Davila\u201d, 050474 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"Cojocaru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cCarol Davila\u201d, 050474 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Cotruta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cCarol Davila\u201d, 050474 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Camelia","family":"Dobrea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cCarol Davila\u201d, 050474 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Coriu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Medicine and Pharmacy \u201cCarol Davila\u201d, 050474 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Fundeni Clinical Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1080\/17474086.2017.1270202","article-title":"Diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic role of CD30 in lymphoma","volume":"10","author":"Pierce","year":"2017","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"(2024, March 01). Hodgkin Lymphoma\u2014Cancer Stat Facts, Available online: https:\/\/seer.cancer.gov\/statfacts\/html\/hodg.html."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annonc.2021.12.002","article-title":"The ECHELON-2 Trial: 5-year results of a randomized, phase III study of brentuximab vedotin with chemotherapy for CD30-positive peripheral T-cell lymphoma","volume":"33","author":"Horwitz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41408-018-0105-4","article-title":"History of autoimmune conditions and lymphoma prognosis","volume":"8","author":"Kleinstern","year":"2018","journal-title":"Blood Cancer J."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2022.03.001","article-title":"Minimal Change Disease: More Than a Podocytopathy?","volume":"7","author":"Maas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Kidney Int Rep."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3756","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-11-251132","article-title":"Occurrence of minimal change nephrotic syndrome in classical Hodgkin lymphoma is closely related to the induction of c-mip in Hodgkin-Reed Sternberg cells and podocytes","volume":"115","author":"Audard","year":"2010","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Masciopinto, P., Dell\u2019olio, G., De Robertis, R., Specchia, G., Musto, P., and Albano, F. (2020). The Role of Autoimmune Diseases in the Prognosis of Lymphoma. J. Clin. Med., 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9113403"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2012.02.001","article-title":"Updated assessment of the prevalence, spectrum and case definition of autoimmune disease","volume":"11","author":"Hayter","year":"2012","journal-title":"Autoimmun. Rev."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1038\/nri916","article-title":"Unravelling the pathogenesis of myasthenia gravis","volume":"2","author":"Vincent","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mueller, A.L., Payandeh, Z., Mohammadkhani, N., Mubarak, S.M., Zakeri, A., Alagheband Bahrami, A., Brockmueller, A., and Shakibaei, M. (2021). Recent advances in understanding the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis: New treatment strategies. Cells, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10113017"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.1136\/ard-2022-223741","article-title":"Pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus: Risks, mechanisms and therapeutic targets","volume":"82","author":"Crow","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guan, Q. (2019). A Comprehensive Review and Update on the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. J. Immunol. Res., 2019.","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/7247238"},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"e33242","article-title":"An Overview of the History, Pathophysiology, and Pharmacological Interventions of Multiple Sclerosis","volume":"15","author":"Dighriri","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.4239\/wjd.v11.i1.13","article-title":"Current understandings of the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes: Genetics to environment","volume":"11","author":"Giwa","year":"2020","journal-title":"World J. Diabetes"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-89520-8_12","article-title":"Targeting CD30\/CD30L in oncology and autoimmune and inflammatory diseases","volume":"647","author":"Oflazoglu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1097\/00062752-200307000-00003","article-title":"Expression and a role of CD30 in regulation of T-cell activity","volume":"10","author":"Tarkowski","year":"2003","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Hematol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)65018-3","article-title":"Commentary Regulation of CD30 Antigen Expression and Its Potential Significance for Human Disease","volume":"156","author":"Kadin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-16-1012","article-title":"Elevated serum levels of sCD30 and IL6 and detectable il10 precede classical hodgkin lymphoma diagnosis","volume":"26","author":"Levin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomark. Prev."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1789","DOI":"10.1158\/1538-7445.AM2018-1789","article-title":"Abstract 1789: CD30+T regulatory cells, but not CD30+CD8 T cells, are impaired following brentuximab vedotin treatment in vitro and in vivo","volume":"78","author":"Heiser","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2020-323124","article-title":"Brentuximab vedotin treatment associated with acute and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathies","volume":"91","author":"Fargeot","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00974","DOI":"10.14309\/crj.0000000000000974","article-title":"Brentuximab-Induced Colitis in a Non-Stem-Cell Transplant Patient","volume":"10","author":"Ali","year":"2023","journal-title":"ACG Case Rep. J."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2019-319850","article-title":"Regulatory T-cell therapy in Crohn\u2019s disease: Challenges and advances","volume":"69","author":"Clough","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7671","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1002229","article-title":"CD30 Ligand Is a Target for a Novel Biological Therapy against Colitis Associated with Th17 Responses","volume":"185","author":"Sun","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3253","DOI":"10.1158\/1538-7445.AM2023-3253","article-title":"Abstract 3253: CD30 is a marker of activated effector regulatory T cells in solid tumors providing clinical rationale for the combination of brentuximab vedotin and PD-1 inhibitors","volume":"83","author":"Heiser","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1093\/cei\/uxab002","article-title":"Patho-immunological mechanisms of vitiligo: The role of the innate and adaptive immunities and environmental stress factors","volume":"207","author":"Faraj","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"1","article-title":"Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"6","author":"Roda","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Prim."}],"container-title":["Hematology Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2038-8330\/16\/2\/30\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T14:45:17Z","timestamp":1760107517000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2038-8330\/16\/2\/30"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,20]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]}},"alternative-id":["hematolrep16020030"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/hematolrep16020030","relation":{},"ISSN":["2038-8330"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2038-8330"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,20]]}}}