{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:32:09Z","timestamp":1760146329946,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,17]],"date-time":"2024-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729123200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Hematology Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of trabecular attenuation of the L1 vertebral body in low-dose CT in adult patients with multiple myeloma (MM), smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM), and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). Materials and Methods: The study population consisted of 22 patients with MGUS and 51 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed MM (SMM, n = 21; symptomatic MM, n = 36). CT scans were conducted using a 128-slice CT scanner (Somatom go.Top, Siemens, Munich, Germany). Low-dose whole-body CT scans were performed at a single time point for each patient. Trabecular bone density values were obtained by defining regions of interest on non-contrast images at the level of L1 vertebra. A threshold of p = 0.05 was applied to determine statistical significance. Results: The median Hounsfield unit (HU) value in patients with MGUS, SMM, and MM was 148 HU (range 81\u2013190), 130 HU (range 93\u2013193), and 92 HU (range 26\u2013190), respectively, with a statistically significant difference between the groups (p = 0.0015). Patients with HU values \u2264 92 had lower progression-free survival with statistically significant differences compared to the group with HU values &gt; 92 (p &lt; 0.0499). Conclusions: This is the earliest evidence of the importance of evaluating L1 attenuation values in low-dose CT images in patients with MGUS, SMM, and MM. Further prospective studies could contribute to reinforcing these results and exploring the clinical applicability and generalization of L1 attenuation values in low-dose whole-body CT scans in routine clinical practice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/hematolrep16040061","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,17]],"date-time":"2024-10-17T11:19:18Z","timestamp":1729163958000},"page":"624-635","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Trabecular Attenuation of L1 in Adult Patients with Multiple Myeloma: An Observational Study on Low-Dose CT Images"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0149-0801","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlo Augusto","family":"Mallio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy"},{"name":"Research Unit Diagnostic Imaging, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Tomarchio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy"},{"name":"Research Unit of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Pulcini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy"},{"name":"Research Unit Diagnostic Imaging, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edoardo","family":"Verducci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy"},{"name":"Research Unit Diagnostic Imaging, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caterina","family":"Bernetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy"},{"name":"Research Unit Diagnostic Imaging, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Antonietta","family":"Tafuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy"},{"name":"Research Unit of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9477-0238","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federico","family":"Greco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit Diagnostic Imaging, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Cittadella della Salute, Azienda Sanitaria Locale di Lecce, Piazza Filippo Bottazzi, 2, 73100 Lecce, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Rigacci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy"},{"name":"Research Unit of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruno Beomonte","family":"Zobel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy"},{"name":"Research Unit Diagnostic Imaging, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3095-5313","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ombretta","family":"Annibali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy"},{"name":"Research Unit of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.26590","article-title":"Multiple Myeloma: 2022 Update on Diagnosis, Risk Stratification, and Management","volume":"97","author":"Rajkumar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am. 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