{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:28:06Z","timestamp":1760243286736,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,11]],"date-time":"2014-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1407715200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The objective of this study was to investigate the toxicological effects of dietary NiCl2 on IgA+ B cells and the immunoglobulins including sIgA, IgA, IgG and IgM in the small intestine and cecal tonsil of broilers by the methods of immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Two hundred and forty one-day-old avian broilers were randomly divided into four groups and fed on a control diet and three experimental diets supplemented with 300, 600, and 900 mg\/kg NiCl2 for 42 days. Compared with the control group, the IgA+ B cell number and the sIgA, IgA, IgG, and IgM contents in the NiCl2-treated groups were significantly decreased (p &lt; 0.05 or p &lt; 0.01).  It was concluded that dietary NiCl2 in the excess of 300 mg\/kg had negative effects on the IgA+ B cell number and the abovementioned immunoglobulin contents in the small intestine and the cecal tonsil. NiCl2-reduced sIgA, IgA, IgG and IgM contents is due to decrease in the population and\/or the activation of B cell. The results suggest that NiCl2 at high levels has intestinal mucosal humoral immunotoxicity in animals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph110808175","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,11]],"date-time":"2014-08-11T10:14:24Z","timestamp":1407752064000},"page":"8175-8192","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Toxicological Effects of Nickel Chloride on IgA+ B Cells and sIgA, IgA, IgG, IgM in the Intestinal Mucosal Immunity  in Broilers"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Bangyuan","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2963-531X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hengmin","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xi","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhicai","family":"Zuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junliang","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianying","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO) (1991). 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