{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T19:48:06Z","timestamp":1793389686967,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,16]],"date-time":"2015-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1429142400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NSFC project","award":["(31270172) and (31470258)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["(31270172) and (31470258)"]}]},{"name":"National Science and Technology Support Project","award":["(2012BAD39B0205)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["(2012BAD39B0205)"]}]},{"name":"Using of Environmental Microbiology and Security Controls","award":["(SMARC2013D001)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["(SMARC2013D001)"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The dissemination of extended-spectrum \u03b2-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli (E. coli) from food-producing animals to the surrounding environment has attracted much attention. To determine the emissions of ESBL-producing E. coli from pig farms to the surrounding environment, fecal and environmental samples from six pig farms were collected. In total, 119 ESBL-producing E. coli were isolated from feces, air samples, water, sludge and soil samples. Antibiotic susceptibility testing showed that the ESBL-producing isolates were resistant to multiple antibiotics and isolates of different origin within the same farm showed similar resistance phenotypes. Both CTX-M and TEM ESBL-encoding genes were detected in these isolates. CTX-M-14 and CTX-M-15 were the predominant ESBL genes identified. ESBL producers from feces and environmental samples within the same farm carried similar CTX-M types. The results indicated that the ESBL-producing E. coli carrying multidrug resistance could readily disseminate to the surrounding environment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph120404203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,16]],"date-time":"2015-04-16T10:37:57Z","timestamp":1429180677000},"page":"4203-4213","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Emissions of Escherichia coli Carrying Extended-Spectrum \u03b2-Lactamase Resistance from Pig Farms to the  Surrounding Environment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Lili","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, Shandong, China"},{"name":"Sino-German Cooperative Research Centre for Zoonosis of Animal Origin Shandong Province, Tai'an 271000, Shandong, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention of Shandong Province, Tai'an 271000, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yeke","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tai'an City Central Hospital, Tai'an 271000, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaodan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, Shandong, China"},{"name":"Sino-German Cooperative Research Centre for Zoonosis of Animal Origin Shandong Province, Tai'an 271000, Shandong, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention of Shandong Province, Tai'an 271000, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaqing","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zengmin","family":"Miao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Sciences, Taishan Medical University, Tai'an 271000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liangmeng","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, Shandong, China"},{"name":"Sino-German Cooperative Research Centre for Zoonosis of Animal Origin Shandong Province, Tai'an 271000, Shandong, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention of Shandong Province, Tai'an 271000, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tongjie","family":"Chai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271000, Shandong, China"},{"name":"Sino-German Cooperative Research Centre for Zoonosis of Animal Origin Shandong Province, Tai'an 271000, Shandong, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention of Shandong Province, Tai'an 271000, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(08)70041-0","article-title":"Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae: An emerging public-health concern","volume":"8","author":"Pitout","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. 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