{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:44:50Z","timestamp":1787028290164,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,28]],"date-time":"2015-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1445990400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In earlier analyses, we demonstrated dose-response relationships between renal and lung cancer and local arsenic concentrations in wells used by Bangladeshi villagers. We used the same case-referent approach to examine the relation of arsenic to biopsy confirmed transition cell cancer (TCC) of the ureter, bladder or urethra in these villagers. As the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has conclude that arsenic in drinking water causes bladder cancer, we expected to find higher risk with increasing arsenic concentration. We used histology\/cytology results from biopsies carried out at  a single clinic in Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2008 to October 2011. We classified these into four groups, TCC (n = 1466), other malignancies (n = 145), chronic cystitis (CC) (n = 844) and other benign (n = 194). Arsenic concentration was estimated from British Geological Survey reports. Odds ratios were calculated by multilevel logistic regression adjusted for confounding and allowing for geographic clustering. We found no consistent trend for TCC with increasing arsenic concentration but the likelihood of a patient with benign disease having CC was significantly increased at arsenic concentrations &gt;100 \u00b5g\/L. We conclude that the expected relationship of TCC to arsenic was masked by over-matching that resulted from the previously unreported relationship between arsenic and CC.  We hypothesize that CC may be a precursor of TCC in high arsenic areas.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph121113739","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,28]],"date-time":"2015-10-28T13:43:01Z","timestamp":1446039781000},"page":"13739-13749","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Arsenic in Drinking Water, Transition Cell Cancer and Chronic Cystitis in Rural Bangladesh"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Mostafa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Cancer Research, Dhaka1212, Bangladesh"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3147-1548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicola","family":"Cherry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2T4, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2013-101443","article-title":"Arsenic in drinking water and renal cancers in rural Bangladesh","volume":"70","author":"Mostafa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Occup. Environ. Med."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"IARC (2004). Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk to Humans, IARC Monographs, IARC."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"IARC (2009). IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, IARC."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2014.01.004","article-title":"Arsenic exposure and bladder cancer: Quantitative assessment of studies in human populations to detect risks at low doses","volume":"317","author":"Tsuji","year":"2014","journal-title":"Toxicology"},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"1764","article-title":"Bladder cancer and arsenic through drinking water: A systematic review of epidemiologic evidence","volume":"48","author":"Christoforidou","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Environ. Sci. Health Part A Toxic\/Hazard. Subst. Environ. 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Investig."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/12\/11\/13739\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T20:51:03Z","timestamp":1760215863000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/12\/11\/13739"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,28]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]}},"alternative-id":["ijerph121113739"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph121113739","relation":{},"ISSN":["1660-4601"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1660-4601","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,28]]}}}