{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T17:39:09Z","timestamp":1760549949297,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,6]],"date-time":"2016-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1454716800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science and Technology Support Program of China","award":["2012BAJ18B02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2012BAJ18B02"]}]},{"name":"Shenyang Science and Technology Program","award":["F14-231-1-45"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F14-231-1-45"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: In 2010, the American Heart Association developed a new definition of ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) based on seven cardiovascular health metrics. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between modified ideal CVH metrics and the risk of stroke in the rural population of Northeast China. Methods: We included 11,417 adults from the rural population in Northeast China and collected all the information, including the baseline characteristics, history of stroke, and the seven ideal CVH metrics. Results: Our results showed that the presence of stroke was associated with high body mass index (BMI), poor diet score (salt intake), high total cholesterol (TC), high blood pressure (BP), and high fasting plasma glucose (FPG). The prevalence of stroke increased as the number of ideal CVH metrics decreased, and peaked to 13.1% among those with only one ideal CVH metric. Participants with only one ideal CVH had a 4.40-fold increased susceptibility of stroke than those with all seven ideal health metrics. Conclusion: This study revealed that people with a better CVH status had a lower prevalence of stroke and the susceptibility of stroke increased with the decreasing of the number of ideal CVH metrics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph13020207","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,9]],"date-time":"2016-02-09T13:45:23Z","timestamp":1455025523000},"page":"207","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Modified Ideal Cardiovascular Health Status is Associated with Lower Prevalence of Stroke in Rural Northeast China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Liang","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaofan","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ye","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shasha","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongmei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yingxian","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2011). Global Status Report on Noncommunicable Diseases 2010, World Health Organization."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e18","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0b013e3182009701","article-title":"Heart disease and stroke statistics\u20142011 update: A report from the American heart association","volume":"123","author":"Roger","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"e2","article-title":"Heart disease and stroke statistics\u20142012 update: A report from the american heart association","volume":"125","author":"Roger","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(07)70004-2","article-title":"Stroke in China: Epidemiology, prevention, and management strategies","volume":"6","author":"Liu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1161\/STR.0b013e3181f7d043","article-title":"Guidelines for the prevention of stroke in patients with stroke or transient ischemic attack: A guideline for healthcare professionals from the american heart association\/American stroke association","volume":"42","author":"Furie","year":"2011","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192703","article-title":"Defining and setting national goals for cardiovascular health promotion and disease reduction: The American heart association\u2019s strategic impact goal through 2020 and beyond","volume":"121","author":"Hong","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1690","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2010.11.041","article-title":"Community prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health, by the american heart association definition, and relationship with cardiovascular disease incidence","volume":"57","author":"Folsom","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psym.2013.06.016","article-title":"A prospective study of ideal cardiovascular health and depressive symptoms","volume":"54","author":"Artero","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychosomatics"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.049122","article-title":"Ideal cardiovascular health and mortality from all causes and diseases of the circulatory system among adults in the United States","volume":"125","author":"Ford","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckt130","article-title":"Prevalence of the seven cardiovascular health metrics in a Mediterranean country: Results from a cross-sectional study","volume":"23","author":"Vetrano","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. J. Public Health"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2975","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.081083","article-title":"Ideal cardiovascular health predicts lower risks of myocardial infarction, stroke, and vascular death across Whites, Blacks, and Hispanics: The Northern Manhattan study","volume":"125","author":"Dong","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19673","DOI":"10.1038\/srep19673","article-title":"Positive changes in ideal CVH metrics reduce the incidence of stroke","volume":"6","author":"Yang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"439","article-title":"The transition of Chinese dietary guidelines and food guide pagoda","volume":"20","author":"Ge","year":"2011","journal-title":"Asia Pac. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_14","unstructured":"World Health Organization (1996). Hypertension control: Report of a WHO expert committee. WHO Tech. Rep. S., 862, 1\u201383."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2560","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.19.2560","article-title":"The seventh report of the joint national committee on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure: The JNC 7 report","volume":"289","author":"Chobanian","year":"2003","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (2001). Executive summary of the third report of the national cholesterol education program (NCEP) expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (adult treatment panel III). JAMA, 285, 2486\u20132497.","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.285.19.2486"},{"key":"ref_17","unstructured":"World Health Organization, and International Diabetes Federation (2006). Definition and Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus and Intermediate Hyperglycaemia : Report of a WHO\/IDF Consultation, World Health Organization."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.781062","article-title":"Primary prevention of stroke by healthy lifestyle","volume":"118","author":"Chiuve","year":"2008","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1811","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2011.443","article-title":"Lifestyle factors on the risks of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke","volume":"171","author":"Zhang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1600869","article-title":"Adherence to the salt restriction diet among people with mildly elevated blood pressure","volume":"53","author":"Korhonen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.35.2.544","article-title":"Long-term effects of weight loss and dietary sodium reduction on incidence of hypertension","volume":"35","author":"He","year":"2000","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2060","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000080678.09344.8D","article-title":"Risk factors for intracerebral hemorrhage in the general population: A systematic review","volume":"34","author":"Ariesen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60834-3","article-title":"Risk factors for ischaemic and intracerebral haemorrhagic stroke in 22 countries (the INTERSTROKE study): A case-control study","volume":"376","author":"Xavier","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu, Y., Chi, H.J., Cui, L.F., Yang, X.C., Wu, Y.T., Huang, Z., Zhao, H.Y., Gao, J.S., Wu, S.L., and Cai, J. (2014). The ideal cardiovascular health metrics associated inversely with mortality from all causes and from cardiovascular diseases among adults in a northern Chinese industrial city. PLoS ONE, 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0089161"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xue, H., Wang, J., Hou, J., Zhu, H., Gao, J., Chen, S., Wang, Y., Chen, Y., and Wu, S. (2013). Association of ideal cardiovascular metrics and serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in hypertensive population. PLoS ONE, 8.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0081597"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2012.09.235","article-title":"Cardiovascular health status in Chinese adults in urban areas: Analysis of the Chinese health examination database 2010","volume":"168","author":"Wu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2012.06.022","article-title":"Ideal cardiovascular health in Chinese urban population","volume":"167","author":"Zeng","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.980151","article-title":"Low prevalence of \u201cideal cardiovascular health\u201d in a community-based population: The heart strategies concentrating on risk evaluation (heart score) study","volume":"123","author":"Bambs","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.3109\/10641963.2011.618206","article-title":"Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension among adults in Beijing, China","volume":"34","author":"Cai","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Hypertens."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCOUTCOMES.112.967893","article-title":"Cardiovascular health in a southern Mediterranean European country: A nationwide population-based study","volume":"6","author":"Graciani","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circ. Cardiovasc. Qual. Outcomes"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2009.02.017","article-title":"The relationship between reduction in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol by statins and reduction in risk of cardiovascular outcomes: An updated meta-analysis","volume":"31","author":"Delahoy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. Ther."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.38855.610324.80","article-title":"Serum cholesterol, haemorrhagic stroke, ischaemic stroke, and myocardial infarction: Korean national health system prospective cohort study","volume":"333","author":"Ebrahim","year":"2006","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1159\/000026190","article-title":"Diabetes mellitus and cerebrovascular disease","volume":"18","author":"Lukovits","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neuroepidemiology"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(94)92757-X","article-title":"Effect of blood pressure and diabetes on stroke in progression","volume":"344","author":"Jorgensen","year":"1994","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0b013e328334b39e","article-title":"Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in rural China: Results from Shandong province","volume":"28","author":"Li","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Hypertens."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.035733","article-title":"Status of cardiovascular health in U.S. adults: Prevalence estimates from the national health and nutrition examination surveys (NHANES) 2003\u20132008","volume":"125","author":"Shay","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ogagarue, E.R., Lutsey, P.L., Klein, R., Klein, B.E., and Folsom, A.R. (2013). Association of ideal cardiovascular health metrics and retinal microvascular findings: The atherosclerosis risk in communities study. J. Am. Heart Assoc., 2.","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.113.000430"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2451","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.113.678839","article-title":"Ideal cardiovascular health metrics and the risks of ischemic and intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke","volume":"44","author":"Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.167.6.573","article-title":"Absolute and attributable risks of cardiovascular disease incidence in relation to optimal and borderline risk factors: Comparison of African American with white subjects\u2014Atherosclerosis risk in communities study","volume":"167","author":"Hozawa","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."}],"container-title":["International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/13\/2\/207\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T19:18:55Z","timestamp":1760210335000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/13\/2\/207"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,6]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]}},"alternative-id":["ijerph13020207"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph13020207","relation":{},"ISSN":["1660-4601"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1660-4601"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,6]]}}}