{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]],"date-time":"2025-12-11T20:14:51Z","timestamp":1765484091795,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,24]],"date-time":"2017-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1498262400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000066","name":"National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5 P42 ES007381"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5 P42 ES007381"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000066","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000071","name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32 HD052458"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 HD052458"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000071","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Exposure to air pollution may adversely impact placental function through a variety of mechanisms; however, epidemiologic studies have found mixed results. We examined the association between traffic exposure and placental-related obstetric conditions in a retrospective cohort study on Cape Cod, MA, USA. We assessed exposure to traffic using proximity metrics (distance of residence to major roadways and length of major roadways within a buffer around the residence). The outcomes included self-reported ischemic placental disease (the presence of at least one of the following conditions: preeclampsia, placental abruption, small-for-gestational-age), stillbirth, and vaginal bleeding. We used log-binomial regression models to estimate risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusting for potential confounders. We found no substantial association between traffic exposure and ischemic placental disease, small-for-gestational-age, preeclampsia, or vaginal bleeding. We found some evidence of an increased risk of stillbirth and placental abruption among women living the closest to major roadways (RRs comparing living &lt;100 m vs. \u2265200 m = 1.75 (95% CI: 0.82\u20133.76) and 1.71 (95% CI: 0.56\u20135.23), respectively). This study provides some support for the hypothesis that air pollution exposure adversely affects the risk of placental abruption and stillbirth; however, the results were imprecise due to the small number of cases, and may be impacted by non-differential exposure misclassification and selection bias.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph14070682","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,27]],"date-time":"2017-06-27T02:58:05Z","timestamp":1498532285000},"page":"682","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Residential Proximity to Roadways and Ischemic Placental Disease in a Cape Cod Family Health Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Amelia","family":"Wesselink","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jenny","family":"Carwile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Fabian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Winter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Data Coordinating Center, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lindsey","family":"Butler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shruthi","family":"Mahalingaiah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ann","family":"Aschengrau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hettfleisch, K., Bernardes, L.S., Carvalho, M.A., Pastro, L.D., Vieira, S.E., Saldiva, S.R., Saldiva, P., and Francisco, R.P. 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