{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,15]],"date-time":"2025-12-15T19:40:00Z","timestamp":1765827600335,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,2]],"date-time":"2017-08-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1501632000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The publication charges for this article have been funded by a grant from the publication fund of UiT The Arctic University of Norway"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The aim of our study was to assess associations between smoking behavior before and during pregnancy and selected adverse birth outcomes. This study is based on the Murmansk County Birth Registry (MCBR). Our study includes women who delivered a singleton pregnancy after 37 weeks of gestation (N = 44,486). Smoking information was self-reported and assessed at the first antenatal visit during pregnancy. We adjusted for potential confounders using logistic regression. The highest proportion of infants with low values of birth weight, birth length, head circumference, ponderal index and of the Apgar score at 5 min was observed for women who smoked both before and during pregnancy. We observed a dose-response relationship between the number of cigarettes smoked per day during pregnancy and the odds of the aforementioned adverse birth outcomes; neither were there significant differences in their occurrences among non-smokers and those who smoked before but not during pregnancy. Moreover, smoking reduction during pregnancy relative to its pre-gestation level did not influence the odds of the adverse birth outcomes. Our findings emphasize a continued need for action against tobacco smoking during pregnancy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph14080867","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,2]],"date-time":"2017-08-02T10:05:25Z","timestamp":1501668325000},"page":"867","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Effect of Smoking Behavior before and during Pregnancy on Selected Birth Outcomes among Singleton Full-Term Pregnancy: A Murmansk County Birth Registry Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3130-2920","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olga","family":"Kharkova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Troms\u00f8, Norway"},{"name":"International School of Public Health, Northern State Medical University, Arkhangelsk 163000, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5464-0498","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrej","family":"Grjibovski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International School of Public Health, Northern State Medical University, Arkhangelsk 163000, Russia"},{"name":"Department of Public Health, North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk 677000, Russia"},{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, International Kazakh-Turkish University, Turkestan 161200, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Krettek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Troms\u00f8, Norway"},{"name":"Department of Biomedicine and Public Health, School of Health and Education, University of Sk\u00f6vde, 54128 Sk\u00f6vde, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 41390 Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Evert","family":"Nieboer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON 2303, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2756-0732","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jon","family":"Odland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Troms\u00f8, Norway"},{"name":"School of Health Systems and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria L8S4L8, South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,2]]},"reference":[{"unstructured":"Tobacco USE (2017, June 13). 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