{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T22:21:55Z","timestamp":1765232515108,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,26]],"date-time":"2017-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1508976000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Atmospheric air pollution has been associated with a range of adverse health effects. The environment plays a causative role in the development of Systemic Sclerosis (SSc). The aim of the present study is to explore the association between particulate (PM10) and benzene (B) exposure in Italian patients with systemic sclerosis and their clinical characteristics of the disease. A correlation study was conducted by enrolling 88 patients who suffer from SSc at the Fondazione Policlinico \u201cA. Gemelli\u201d in Rome (Italy) in the period from January 2013 to January 2014. The average mean concentrations of B (in 11 monitoring sites) and PM10 (in 14 sites) were calculated using data from the Regional Environmental Protection Agency\u2019s monitoring stations located throughout the Lazio region (Italy) and then correlated with the clinical characteristics of the SSc patients. Of the study sample, 92.5% were female. The mean age was 55 \u00b1 12.9 years old and the mean disease duration from the onset of Raynaud\u2019s phenomenon was 13.0 \u00b1 9.4 years. The Spearman\u2019s correlation showed that concentrations of B correlate directly with the skin score (R = 0.3; p \u2264 0.05) and inversely with Diffusing Lung Carbon Monoxide (DLCO) results (R = \u22120.36; p = 0.04). This study suggests a possible role of B in the development of diffuse skin disease and in a worse progression of the lung manifestations of SSc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph14111297","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,26]],"date-time":"2017-10-26T06:48:14Z","timestamp":1509000494000},"page":"1297","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Environmental Pollution by Benzene and PM10 and Clinical Manifestations of Systemic Sclerosis: A Correlation Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Alice","family":"Borghini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Public Health-Hygiene Section, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Poscia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Public Health-Hygiene Section, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Bosello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adele","family":"Teleman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Public Health-Hygiene Section, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Bocci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lanfranco","family":"Iodice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vice Medical Director, San Raffaele Cassino Hospital, 03043 Cassino (FR), Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gianfranco","family":"Ferraccioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Fondazione Policlinico Gemelli, 00168 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniele","family":"La Mil\u00eca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Public Health-Hygiene Section, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Umberto","family":"Moscato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Public Health-Hygiene Section, Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-069X-12-43","article-title":"Long-term air pollution exposure and cardio-respiratory mortality: A review","volume":"12","author":"Hoek","year":"2013","journal-title":"Environ. 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