{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T23:10:09Z","timestamp":1782601809634,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,4]],"date-time":"2018-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1530662400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["IJERPH"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The Roma population is one of the major marginalized groups in Europe, having higher incidence of all spectrums of disease and a shorter life expectancy. Yet, the reasons for higher morbidity and its exact prevalence were not properly studied. Objectives: The objective of our study was to compare the frequency of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Roma people to the non-Roma population in Slovakia, and to compare levels of uric acid and its correlation with components of metabolic syndrome. Methods: A group of 452 Roma people aged 18\u201355 years, was compared to a control group of 403 non-Roma people. The data were obtained by questionnaire, anthropometric measures, and analyzed blood and urine samples Results: The prevalence of MetS was significantly higher among Roma participants (131; 29.6%) compared with non-Roma participants (80; 20.1%), p = 0.001. Roma people significantly more often fulfilled obesity and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) criteria of MetS (257, 58.9% vs. 180, 45.8%, p &lt; 0.0001, and 312, 70.0% vs. 140, 34.9%, p &lt; 0.0001). There was no difference in the triacylglycerols (TG), glycemia or blood pressure (BP) criteria of MetS. The Roma also presented with greater levels of high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). Baseline levels of uric acid (UA) among the Roma population were significantly lower compared with the majority population (226.54 \u00b1 79.8 vs. 259.11 \u00b1 84.53) (p &lt; 0.001). The levels of UA significantly correlated with fulfilled criteria of MetS. Univariate regression showed that UA is a significant predictor of MetS in the whole cohort (unadjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.005; 95% CI 1.004\u20131.007; p &lt; 0.0001) also after the adjustment for age, sex, and ethnicity (adjusted OR 1.008; 95% CI 1.005\u20131.010; p &lt; 0.0001). Conclusions: We were able to show that prevalence of MetS among the Roma is higher than in the majority population. Moreover, the uric acid levels are significantly lower in the Roma group as well as when it comes to a cohort with MetS. Levels of UA, besides others, depend on ethnicity, age, and sex.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15071412","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,4]],"date-time":"2018-07-04T12:23:02Z","timestamp":1530706982000},"page":"1412","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Serum Uric Acid in Roma and Non-Roma\u2014Its Correlation with Metabolic Syndrome and Other Variables"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Jana","family":"Petrikova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, PJ Safarik University, 040 11 Kosice, Slovakia"},{"name":"Louis Pasteur University Hospital, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3329-3968","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Janicko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, PJ Safarik University, 040 11 Kosice, Slovakia"},{"name":"Louis Pasteur University Hospital, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Fedacko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine, PJ Safarik University, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia"},{"name":"Air Force Military Hospital, 040 86 Kosice, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylvia","family":"Drazilova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Poprad Hospital, 058 01 Poprad, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2993-3798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Madarasova Geckova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, PJ Safarik University, 040 11 Kosice, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Marekova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, PJ Safarik University, 040 11 Kosice, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Pella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, PJ Safarik University, 040 11 Kosice, Slovakia"},{"name":"Louis Pasteur University Hospital, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Jarcuska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1st Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, PJ Safarik University, 040 11 Kosice, Slovakia"},{"name":"Louis Pasteur University Hospital, 040 01 Kosice, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"124","article-title":"Inequalities in morbidity and consulting behaviour for socially vulnerable groups","volume":"52","author":"Baker","year":"2002","journal-title":"Br. 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